From the origin of Western philosophical thought‚ there has always been an interest in moral laws . As Hume points out in A Treatise of Human Nature‚ ¡§morality is a subject that interests us above all others.¡¨ Originally‚ thoughts of how to live were centered on the issue of having the most satisfying life with ¡§virtue governing one¡¦s relations to others¡¨‚ as written by J. B. Schneewind in Modern Moral Philosophy. Nevertheless‚ the view that there is one way to live that is best for everyone
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it has the form of an imperative. To determine what actions one should take Kant utilized imperatives. Imperatives are a form of instructions that will guide an individual on what one should do. Kant had two classifications between imperatives‚ hypothetical and categorical.
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Kant was part of enlightenment period Morality is entirely determined by what someone wills because a good will is the only thing that is good with out provocations. Every other character trait is only morally good once we qualify it as such. Kant morality is all about what someone wills and not about the end result or consequence is. Someone can be happy but for immoral reasons. Kant it is really the thought that counts. Motivation is everything. What does Bentham and Mills look at consequences
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distinguishes between Acting in Conformity with Duty (ACWD) and Acting from Duty (AFD). For an action to be morally right on Kant’s view it must be the right act done for the right reason. How do we determine what the right acts are? Hypothetical vs categorical imperatives Hypothetical imperatives are imperatives that are binding on us in virtue of some want or desire we have. If morality were derived from these things‚ the moral demands would depend upon humans having certain desires. Categorical imperatives
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Moral Reasoning - Aim: Equip students to become critically minded citizens who have the ability to think through the big moral and political questions we all confront as citizens Kant (Deontology) - Rejects utilitarianism: They were half right- of course we seek to avoid pain‚ and seek pleasure. But to think that pain and pleasure drives our behavior. - Thinks that the individual person has a dignity that commands our respect- because we are rational beings‚ capable of reason.; and autonomous
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Philosophical Ethics: Part A 1. Name and briefly describe the four main aspects of the AU decision-making process. i. Scope → Includes all those affected by the act‚ either directly or indirectly ii. Duration → Considers the length of time of each effect iii. Intensity → Considers the force or strength of each resulting experience iv. Probability → Considers how likely each effect might be‚ given that we don’t know ahead of time which of the many possible effects will actually occur.
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Chapter 9 1. Anscombe’s point was that some things may not be done‚ no matter what. Referring to the boiling of babies. 2. Kant called these “hypothetical imperatives” because they tell us what to do providing that we have the relevant desires. 3. Instead moral requirements are categorical: they have the form “You ought to do such-and –such period‚” 4. In his Foundations of the Metaphysical of Morals (1785)‚ he (Kant) expresses the Categorical
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H.B. Fuller’s moral obligations in this case are to do everything they can to prevent illegal distribution and use of their products. Being the leading manufacturer of industrial glues worldwide‚ it is impossible for the company to get rid of products that kids are misusing. Yes‚ the company can take steps to stop it‚ which they are by not selling it to retailors and small business owners in Honduras and Guatemala where the biggest abuse problem is. However‚ this company cannot be morally responsible
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Aristotle’s “Nicomachean Ethics” considers the best way to achieve happiness. In every human action‚ the individual intends for it to end in some type of good‚ with most of these activities being means to a higher end. Aristotle addresses two types of goods‚ those of which are subordinate and those of which result in higher ends. Subordinate ends may only be means to higher ends‚ such as human activity which brings about pleasures‚ whereas‚ higher goods are goods that are ends in themselves. The
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Rule differs in that it is subjective to ones preferences‚ feelings‚ emotions‚ and is used as the basis for justification of actions. If I prefer to be deceived‚ then I would lie and follow the Golden Rule based on my subjective preferences. This hypothetical imperative cannot be entirely universal and doesn’t demand the respect for all people as the categorical one does. It allows room for desires and inclinations that contradict the order of reason. Due to the subjectivity of the Golden Rule and the
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