except zinc‚ copper‚ vinegar‚ or a unique container that can increase the voltage of our product. The zinc can produce electricity because of the chemical reaction it occurs when it is soaked in vinegar’s acetic acid‚ the zinc is dissolved to produce hydrogen gas; while the copper’s use is only to move the electrons throughout the entire circuit and connect it to the battery powered object. The main idea we took on our research and personal experiences is that when more batteries are connected‚ more voltage
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w w ap eP m e tr .X w om .c s er UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education 0620/12 CHEMISTRY Paper 1 Multiple Choice May/June 2010 45 Minutes Additional Materials: *8778752636* Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples‚ paper clips‚ highlighters‚ glue or correction
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H3O+(aq) à Zn2+(aq) + 2 H2O(l) + H2(g)] was stopped‚ the nail was removed and rinsed. Once the nail dried‚ it was massed and disposed of. Water was then added to the beaker until its level matched that in the graduated cylinder. The amount of hydrogen gas that was released in the reaction was measured in the graduated cylinder. This was repeated for the other two nails. Data/ Results. Gravimetric analysis was performed by subtracting the mass of the nail after the zinc was removed from the
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elements. 2H2O(l) 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2. (a) Assign oxidation states to the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in each substance in the above chemical equation. The oxidation state of H2(g) and O2(g) is zero‚ because they are in their normal state. (b) Based on the changes in oxidation states for each atom‚ identify the atom that is oxidized and the atom that is reduced in the decomposition of water. Hydrogen atom is reduced because it gains electrons. 2H+ H2(g) Oxygen atom is
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of Gases PURPOSE This experiment has two parts. The purpose of part A of the experiment is to determine the atomic mass of a metallic element whereas the purpose of part B of the experiment is to determine the rate of diffusion of both gases hydrogen chloride and ammonia by measuring the distances travelled by the two gases in the same time period. For part A the reaction of the metal with the aqueous acid is as follows: M(s) + n H3O+ -----> M+n(aq) + n/2 H2(g) + n H2O
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Erlenmeyer flask while it was submerged in cold water? What are the possible sources of errors in this experiment? B. Graham’s Law of Diffusion Distance Travelled by Ammonia in cm (dNH3) | | Distance Travelled by Hydrogen Chloride in cm (dHCl) | | Molar Mass of Hydrogen Chloride in g/mole (MHCl) | | Experimental Molar Mass of Ammonia in g/mole (MNH3) | | True Molar Mass of Ammonia in g/mole (MNH3) | | Percent Error | | Show the computations for the following: 1. Experimental
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purpose? Cannizzaro reaction is a reaction that uses a strong base‚ such as sodium hydroxide‚ which results to the formation of a carboxylic acid (or its corresponding salt) and an alcohol. It is only observed in aldehydes that do not contain alpha hydrogen atoms. Aldol condensation is a reaction in which an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form an α-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone‚ followed by a dehydration to give a conjugated enone. c) Provide the type equations used in the test
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• highlight the environmental effects of polyhalogen compounds. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Haloarenes Halogenated compounds persist in the environment due to their resistance to breakdown by soil bacteria. 10 Unit The replacement of hydrogen atom(s) in a hydrocarbon‚ aliphatic or aromatic‚ by halogen atom(s) results in the formation of alkyl halide (haloalkane) and aryl halide (haloarene)‚ respectively. Haloalkanes contain halogen atom(s) attached to the sp3 hybridised carbon atom of
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AB ? A + B The electrolysis of water into oxygen and hydrogen gas is an example of a decomposition reaction: 2 H2O ? 2 H2 + O2 Single Displacement or Substitution Reaction A substitution or single displacement reaction is characterized by one element being displaced from a compound by another element. A + BC ? AC + B An example of a substitution reaction occurs when zinc combines with hydrochloric acid. The zinc replaces the hydrogen: Zn + 2 HCl ? ZnCl2 + H2 Metathesis or Double Displacement
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Table of content Introduction.............................................................................pg. 1 Definition of corrosion…………………………….....................pg.2 Chemical change during corrosion…………………………….pg.3 Corrosion in Metals………………………………………………pg.4 Preventing corrosion……………………………………………..pg.4 ABSTRACT Introduction Corrosion has been a fundamental problem from the time humans started using metals. Many metallic substances such as steels‚ cars and ships become subjects to corrosion
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