level of the value chain is referred to as horizontal integration. This form of expansion contrasts with vertical integration by which the firm expands into upstream or downstream activities. Horizontal growth can be achieved by internal expansion or by external expansion through mergers and acquisitions of firms offering similar products and services. A firm may diversify by growing horizontally into unrelated businesses. Some examples of horizontal integration include: * The
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Research papers Zara : A. Clearance Pricing Optimization for a Fast-Fashion Retailer Summary: The research paper ‘Clearance Pricing Optimization for a Fast-Fashion Retailer’ talks about how Zara has increased its clearance revenues by approximately 6% by following a price optimization model. Zara uses minimal in-season promotions and offer continuous changing styles. However they were facing clearance pricing problem because it involved comparatively more different styles of unsold inventory
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of wellbore instability in vertical‚ directional‚ and horizontal wells using field data M.A. Mohiuddin‚ K. Khan‚ A. Abdulraheem ⁎‚ A. Al-Majed‚ M.R. Awal Center for Petroleum and Minerals‚ Research Institute‚ King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals‚ P.O. Box # 755‚ Dhahran - 31261‚ Saudi Arabia Received 18 April 2005; accepted 26 April 2006 Abstract An old offshore field produced using vertical and directional wells is being redeveloped by drilling horizontal wells. The experience gained
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CASE STUDY: - ZARA: IT FOR FAST FASHION Zara’s success is attributed to its ingenious design‚ development‚ and production and supply chains in the world. It has been its culture to change its designs very frequently. This is mainly because they feel their differentiation point in the market is its new designs. Short-cycle production of small volumes of items has made Zara fundamentally different from other competitors. Zara has a short lead time and is more responsive to market trend. Salgado
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ZARA (Study case) Vladimíra Olívia Gáborová Vlada.gaborova@gmail.com ISL 356 Phd. Emre Demirci Study case 11.4.2014 Manufacturing and clothing business has a long tradition and it is well established. People always feel need to protect themselves against the wind‚ cold‚ sun etc…. In the past there was not a high demand for clothes‚ since it was much as a cottage industry. Everything starts to change by industrial revolution‚ when development in technology opened
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| Horizontal Violence | | 6-11-2013 | What is violence? Violence is great force‚ either physical or emotional‚ usually exerted in order to damage or otherwise abuse something or someone. Horizontal violence is violence directed towards one’s peers. All acts of unkindness‚ discourtesy‚ sabotage‚ divisiveness‚ infighting‚ lack of cohesiveness‚ scapegoating and criticism includes horizontal violence. For example Verbal abuse including name calling‚ threatening‚ intimidating‚ dismissing
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Threats - ZARA Some threats that affect ZARA include international expansion‚ geographic scope‚ and intense competition. Zara recognizes that the company needs to have a competitive advantage in order to survive‚ so they are constructing a second distribution centre in Zaragoza. Also the company is still looking to expand internationally. Expanding in Spain is difficult for the company because of past experience in Sweden. Zara is considering expansion in North America‚ but is concerned that it
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Horizontal Analysis Horizontal analysis is a procedure in fundamental analysis in which compares ratios or line items in a company’s financial statements over a certain period of time. The horizontal analysis of Marriott International is shown below. | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | Increase/(Decrease)Amount Percent | Revenue | $11‚691 | $10‚908 | $12‚879 | $(1‚188) | 9.2% | Expenses | $10‚996 | $11‚060 | $12‚114 | $(1‚118) | 9.2% | Operating income | $695 | $(152) | $765 | $(70) | 9.1% | Net
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CASO: ZARA IT FOR FAST FASHION L OS P ROBLEMAS • Existe una indecisión por parte de los encargados en el área de sistemas en la empresa ya que hay diferentes puntos de vista sobre si se mantiene el sistema actual de ventas o se implementa uno nuevo. A continuación se mencionan algunos de estos puntos de vista. En caso de dejar el sistema actual: o Se utilizara tecnología obsoleta en las tiendas‚ la cual puede llegar a perder el soporte técnico ya que el único proveedor de esta tecnología puede
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Luxottica – Horizontal and Vertical Integration Mission and strategy of Luxottica: VERTICAL INTEGRATION HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION BRAND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION MARKET EXPANSION FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE LUXOTTICANS VERTICAL INTEGRATION Luxottica delivers on its mission through its vertically integrated business model‚ manufacturing excellence‚ focus on service and geographically diversified footprint‚ which in turn have
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