structure‚ its size‚ its technology‚ and the requirements of its environment. This perspective is known as "contingency theory" and contrasts with the perspective of classical theorists like Weber‚ Taylor‚ Fayol‚ etc. who thought that there probably was one way to run organizations that was the best. Critics assert that no cohesive contingency theory exists‚ that "contingency theory" is a collection of different ideas that represent a contingency approach‚ which research does not validate because
Premium Organization Theory Management
The Evolution of Leadership Theory David A. Van Seters Stevenson‚ Kellogg‚ Ernst & Whinney‚ Vancouver‚ British Columbia and Evolution of Leadership Theory 29 Richard H.G. Field University of Alberta‚ Edmonton‚ Canada Leadership is one of the most complex and multifaceted phenomena to which organisational and psychological research has been applied. While the term "leader" was noted as early as the 1300s (The Oxford English Dictionary‚ 1933) and conceptualised even before biblical times
Premium Leadership
Identify and compare the contributions of Taylor‚ Fayol and Mayo to management today. Introduction This essay outlines the main contributions of Taylor‚ Fayol and Mayo to the study of management. It then evaluates the contribution of these writers to management as it is practiced today. It does this by discussing in turn their work‚ explicitly and implicitly drawing comparisons between them. It argues that the various contributions reflect the differing circumstances and needs of the theorists
Premium Management
from the end of the nineteenth century with the emergence of large industrial organizations. Management theories consist of two group—classical management theory and human relations theory. In this essay‚ the nature of the “Classical” and “Human Relations” approaches to management will be described at first and then bring out the differences and similarities between them. The classical theory of management was formed in the early 20th century and based on a pyramid‚ formal structure. To be more
Premium Management
In this essay I aim to describe two theories (Equity Theory and Social exchange theory) of relationships and to consider how they might influence the therapist engaged in couples counseling‚ noting their similarities and differences. Equity theory is a theory about fairness. Its application to close relationships has been primarily advanced by Elaine Hatfield (previously known as Elaine Walster) and her colleagues in the book Equity: Theory and Research (Walster‚ Walster‚ and Berscheid 1978). The
Premium Interpersonal relationship Social exchange theory Exchange
Having the privilege to learn Theories of Communication for a couple of weeks now‚ I’m beginning to understand the development of my relationship with my husband and how it progressed from being a friend‚ to a boyfriend‚ and now my dearest husband. That was a little over a decade ago since 2001. We got married in 2008. And in 2010‚ we had our very first child. Let me first narrate how it all began. We first met in an internet chat room of the university that we went to. I was attracted to his
Premium Social exchange theory Onion Exchange
Compare McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y style of leadership and consider the types of organizations in which each style of leadership might be most appropriate. Douglas McGregor devised his concept of Theory X and Theory Y in the USA in the 1950’s using a survey of managers‚ which he then proposed in his book‚ ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’ in the 1960’s. Theory X states that a manager distrusts his subordinates‚ believes they don’t enjoy work and therefore must be controlled. Theory Y‚ on the other
Free Maslow's hierarchy of needs Management Decision making
Cognitive Theory of Supervision I. Building a relationship with the supervisee. Supervision models play an important role in navigating the course of learning about and becoming a licensed counselor. In the cognitive model of supervision it is assumed that the supervisee will affect the client through their thoughts about themselves and what lies in their expectations (Campbell‚ 2000). The supervisor should want to become familiar with the supervisee and get to know who they are and how they
Premium Thought Cognition Psychology
Compare and contrast the aims and methods of Trait Theory with those of Personal Construct Theory. What makes the world and the people in it so interesting is that everybody is different and they possess their own personalities that are unique to each individual. It has been particularly interesting for psychologists to study and understand the differences between people‚ hence the great amount of research and work that has been conducted in relation to individual difference. In particular‚ the
Premium Personality psychology Trait theory Psychology
Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity by Judith Butler Review by: Mary McIntosh Feminist Review‚ No. 38 (Summer‚ 1991)‚ pp. 113-114 Published by: Palgrave Macmillan Journals Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1395391 . Accessed: 20/03/2012 23:44 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars‚ researchers
Free Gender Feminism