degradation. In man’s quest for social growth‚ nonchalance to nature’s laws have set in and this has disturbed a number of natural phenomena. The industrial revolution has brought with it technological advancement‚ such as the discovery of oil and fossil fuels and its virtually universal use in a diversity of industries. Further more rapid growth in population is established to be the fundamental cause of environmental framework collapse. Population growth increases the need to produce consumer commodities
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E-mail: rafiqul.islam@dal.ca Received: 27 March 2008 / Accepted: 9 April 2008 / Published: 10 April 2008 Abstract: As crude oil price reach a new high‚ the need for developing alternate fuels has become acute. Alternate fuels should be economically attractive in order to compete with currently used fossil fuels. In this work‚ biodiesel (ethyl ester) was prepared from waste cooking oil collected from a local restaurant in Halifax‚ Nova Scotia‚ Canada. Ethyl alcohol with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst
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environment and form our eco-system. * Ethanol fuel is ethanol (ethyl alcohol)‚ the same type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. It is most often used as a motor fuel‚ mainly as a biofuel additive for gasoline. 2. What potential is there to use ethanol as an alternative car fuel? * Ethanol can be used in internal combustion engines if it can be economically produced from renewable resources or subsidized as a fuel to reduce air pollution. * The advantages
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are looking for alternative sources of energy. These include wind‚ solar and hydro energy sources‚ known as renewable sources (Able to be regrown). However‚ one fuel source in particular is currently being used and produced to power both vehicles and electrical generators around the world; biofuels. Biofuels are renewable gas or liquid fuels made from plant matter such as corn‚ sugar cane and vegetable oils. The two main types of biofuels are known as ethanol and biodiesel; both made from feedstock
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TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES Potential for Hydrogen as a Fuel for Transport in the Long Term (2020 - 2030) - Full Background Report - EUR 21090 EN Institute for Prospective Technological Studies Potential for Hydrogen as a Fuel for Transport in the Long Term (2020 - 2030) - Full Background Report - Matthias Altmann Patrick Schmidt Reinhold Wurster Martin Zerta Dr. Werner Zittel (Edited by Hector Hernandez) March 2004 EUR 21090 EN European Commission Joint Research Centre (DG
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improvements in durability‚ reliability‚ drivability‚ fuel economy‚ and cost of ownership. Legal requirements are focused on significant emission and fuel consumption reductions. Additional manufacturing cost reductions will be essential to maintain‚ or better grow the business in a very competitive environment. The challenge for the diesel engine will be to meet the future emission standards at affordable cost‚ while maintaining its fuel economy advantages. Regarding the emissions‚ advanced
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relied primarily on power supplied by themselves or by animals‚ known as animate power. 6. Energy from flowing water and burning biomass fuel supplemented animate power. Biomass fuel‚ such as wood‚ plant material‚ and animal waste‚ is burned directly or converted to charcoal‚ alcohol‚ or methane gas. 7. Biomass remains the most important source of fuel in some LDCs‚ but during the Industrial Revolution MDCs converted to inanimate power‚ generated from machines. 8. Around one-half of the
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resources What are Alternative energy resources?? It is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel. It is a form of energy derived from a natural source‚ such as the sun‚ wind‚ tides‚ or waves and are also known as “Renewable Energy” that do not use up natural resources or harm the environment. They are considered alternatives because they can be future replacements for the fossil fuels that now meet a considerable portion of our energy needs. What Energy Resources are we using now??
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production. Secondly there is the issue of bio-fuel subsidies. As both the European Union and the United States have adopted policies on the production of ethanol and bio-fuel to combat the problem of global warming‚ they are now giving subsidies to farmers to promote increased production. The subsidies have resulted in a larger production than what is needed for bio-fuel production‚ and thus also a reduced number of other crops not subsidized for bio-fuel production. Complicating the problem further
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India is dominated by coal-fired thermal plants to the extent of 72%[ii]‚ primarily due to the low cost of generation and abundance of coal deposits. With time‚ the depletion of oil‚ natural gas and coal reserves would push the price of these fossil fuels up. This scenario would make the other sources of power generation like nuclear power a cheaper option. Therefore‚ it is necessary to have diversity
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