The Downfall of Enron Valerie Glushkov Enron Company was once one of the biggest energy company in the U.S. Fortune magazine ranked Enron as #7 in April 2001 in Fortunes ranking by market capitalization of the five hundred largest corporations in the United States. On December 2‚ 2001‚ Enron filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The unexpected and rapid collapse in the market value of this corporate giant has had immense consequences for nearly all of its stakeholders
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Enron Corporation Before filing for bankruptcy in 2001‚ Enron Corporation was one of the largest natural gas and electricity companies in the world. In addition to being one of the largest bankruptcies in American history‚ Enron undoubtedly was the biggest audit failure. It was one of the most famous company in the world‚ but also one that fell down too fast. In 1985‚ Enron was created by a merge between Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth by Houston’s Natural Gas’s CEO Kenneth Lay. It was
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epidemiological triangle focuses on the three primary factors that directly effect the “what”‚ “who”‚ and “where” of diseases (Ferng‚ 2011). One of these factors is the disease agent and its characteristics‚ the host and the host’s vulnerability to the disease‚ and the environment that surrounds the agent and host (Ferng‚ 2011). It is crucial to examine these components and how they interrelate to reach a better understanding of the disease. In one corner of the epidemiology triangle for obesity there’s
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and even powerful military vessels sail out into calm‚ clear weather……and then just vanish….without a trace (Lexington 1). This is the dreaded Bermuda triangle also referred to as the devil’s triangle (Bermuda Triangle 1). It is located off the southeastern coast of the United States in the Atlantic Ocean. The three points that create the triangle are Miami Florida‚ Bermuda‚ and San Juan Puerto Rico. It covers roughly 500‚000 square miles (Obringer 1). Here‚ off the coast of Florida‚ is a vacation
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Corporate Fraud I. Introductions a. Fraud in the accounting environment is on the increase. b. Fraud takes place in different forms in the accounting environment. II. The growing risk of fraud and corruption a. Local problems‚ global pain b. Awareness is crucial c. Tailoring efforts to avert damage III. Preventing Fraud a. Background checks and enhanced due diligence b. Monitoring and evaluating preventive controls c. Continuous controls monitoring IV. Can we eliminate fraud and corruption
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The 10 biggest frauds in recent U.S. History Enron: The energy company’s bankruptcy in 2001 after allegations of massive accounting fraud wiped out $78 billion in stock market value and led to the collapse of Arthur Andersen and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. A class action settlement of $7.185 billion was the largest of all time. Former President Jeff Skilling is serving a 24 year sentence. Bernard Madoff: New York money manager Bernard Madoff’s $65 billion Ponzi scheme‚ the
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Enron Questions 1. How did Enron’s corporate culture contribute to its bankruptcy? Enron’s corporate culture was greedy and arrogant. Arrogance and pride are what mostly contributed to the downfall of Enron. Employees made money for the executives. The company was thought of as a leading company‚ and imagined to be invincible. Once funds were gambled away‚ and the whole got deeper‚ more funds were gambled to attempt to create liquid assets to pay off debt. Eventually‚ it all ran out.
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Parmalat‚ Europe’s Enron of fraud‚ undermined European accounting and reporting standards. The fraud‚ totaling nearly 18 billion euros‚ brought down the Italian dairy giant and ruined investors across the globe. Such a enormous fraud‚ some would assume‚ would need to be highly complex and fully developed in plan as well as execution. However‚ as Parmalat executives began to cooperate in the investigation‚ it was uncovered how rudimentary their fraud was despite the enormity in which it occurred.
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auditors and Enron and the existence of conflicts of interest. From 1993‚ Enron started to outsource its internal audit functions to Anderson. Besides‚ conflicts of interest gets aggravated when the cross-selling of consulting services by auditors increases a lot. And consulting fees to auditors are much lucrative than the audit fees. As a result‚ Enron could easily threaten Anderson to give a favorable opinions to the public and otherwise Anderson couldn’t maintain a good relationship with Enron. Most
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or affected by‚ the collapse of Enron? All stakeholders were‚ obviously‚ affected by the collapse of Enron. However‚ several of them were critical‚ especially those being considered as market stakeholders such as suppliers‚ creditors‚ employees‚ and stockholders. These mentioned stakeholders seem to be Enron’s most recognizable as the essential contributors to its organization. They dared of giving up an available alternative in order to take a risk with Enron in hoping of some benefits in return
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