Alterations in Fluids‚ Electrolytes‚ and Acid-Base Balance Composition & Compartment Distribution of Body Fluids ← Body fluids are distributed between the intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) compartments. The ICF compartment consists of fluid contained within all of the billions of cells in the body. It is the larger of the two compartments‚ containing approximately two thirds of the body water in healthy adults. ← The remaining one third of body water is in
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2011 Pre-course Learning Objectives: Fluids and Electrolytes: 1. Identify and describe the composition of the fluid compartments within the body Either Intracellular fluid (ICF- 2/3 of the body’s water) or extracellular fluid (ECF -one third of the body’s water). The two main extracellular fluid compartments are the interstitial fluid and the intravascular fluid‚ which is the blood plasma. Other ECF compartments include the lymph and the transcellular fluids such as the synovial ‚ intestinal‚
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Urine drug screening Factors affecting a valid specimen Urine creatinine concentration is assayed to detect diluted specimens. This can be caused by surreptitious addition of tap water or excessive fluid intake before the collection. A urine creatinine level < 1.76 mmol/L indicates a dilute specimen. A repeat specimen should be considered. The temperature of the specimen indicates if it is freshly passed. If the specimen is fresh‚ the temperature should fall in the range of 33–38°C. If
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Laboratory Report on Urine Examination Introduction: When testing urine the test results may provide information regarding the status of carbohydrate metabolism and kidney function. The kidney glomeruli act as ultrafilters for the plasma protein; however as much as 150 mg/dl of protein may normally be excreted into the urine. In glomerular proteinuria‚ an increase in glomerular permeability occurs‚ resulting in an increase of urine proteins. High urine protein concentration therefore may indicate
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Fluid and Electrolytes Imbalances Fluid Compartments: * Extracellular Fluid (ECF) – This is fluid found outside of the cells and the amount of ECF decreases with age. In the newborn for example‚ approximately ½ of the body fluid is contained in the ECF. By the time the infant has reached one year old; the ECF has decreased to approximately 1/3 of the total volume. In an average 70 kg adult the ECF is approximately 15 liters of total volume. ECF can further be divided into the following:
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P4: Explain the role of the kidney in the homeostatic control of water balance P5: Explain dysfunction in relation to water balance and possible treatments M3: Discuss dysfunction in relation to water balance and possible treatments D2: Analyse the impact on the human body of dysfunctions in relation to water balance For P4‚ I’m going to outline the physiological overview of the kidneys and then I am going to explain the renal system. Also I am going to explain the kidneys in more detail.
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Fluid‚ Electrolyte‚ and Acid-Base Balance: Introduction to Body Fluids 1. a. Where are fluids absorbed? Into the plasma in the intestine. b. Where are excess fluids and electrolytes lost? The kidneys remove them from the body through urine. 2. Name four of the six functions of water. a. Temperature regulation b. Protective cushion c. Lubricant d. Solvent 3. a. The amount of water in the body depends on the amount of fat tissue.
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How important are fluids? Fluid replacement is probably the most important nutritional concern for athletes. Approximately 60% of your body weight is water. As you exercise‚ fluid is lost through your skin as sweat and through your lungs when you breathe. If this fluid is not replaced at regular intervals during exercise‚ you can become dehydrated. When you are dehydrated‚ you have a smaller volume of blood circulating through your body. Consequently‚ the amount of blood your heart
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Kharishma Patel BIO 3422-E Urine Analysis Lab Objective The objective of this experiment shall be to examine the effects of different types of fluids on the renal system including rate of urine production‚ pH‚ and specific gravity. Hypothesis The group drinking water will have the highest rate of urine production. The group that drinks water only when thirsty will have the lowest rate of urine production. The specific gravity of urine for all treatment groups will be around 1.000. The pH for
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substances that move in or out of the cells and has other properties. The membranes that surround the nucleus and other organelles are almost identical to the cell membrane. It is composed of proteins‚ phospholipids and carbohydrates that are arranged in a fluid mosaic structure. Nucleus; the nucleus is the control centre of the whole cell. The nucleus of living cells contains genetic material that determines the structure and function of the cell it’s controlling. Nucleolus; the nucleolus is in the nucleus
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