HISTORY OF COMPUTER Abacus - The First man-made computing device. - It can perform addition and subtraction - invented in China Pascal’s calculating machine/Pascaline - The first mechanical calculator - Invented by Blaise Pascal - Can perform addition & subtraction Leibnitz calculator - First general-purpose calculating machine - Extended version of Pascal Calculating machine - Can perform multiplication and Division - Invented by Gottfried Leibnitz Automatic
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HISTORY OF COMPUTERS The abacus was an early aid for mathematical computations. Its only value is that it aids the memory of the human performing the calculation. A skilled abacus operator can work on addition and subtraction problems at the speed of a person equipped with a hand calculator. The abacus is often wrongly attributed to China. In fact‚ the oldest surviving abacus was used in 300 B.C. by the Babylonians. The abacus is still in use today‚ principally in the far east. A modern abacus
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HISTORY OF COMPUTERS Ancient era Suanpan (the number represented on this abacus is 6‚302‚715‚408) Devices have been used to aid computation for thousands of years‚ mostly using one-to-one correspondence with fingers. The earliest counting device was probably a form of tally stick. Later record keeping aids throughout the Fertile Crescent included calculi (clay spheres‚ cones‚ etc.) which represented counts of items‚ probably livestock or grains‚ sealed in hollow unbaked clay containers.[1][2]
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Date | Event | c. 2400 BC | The abacus - the first known calculator‚ was probably invented by the Babylonians as an aid to simple arithmetic around this time period. This laid the foundations for positional notation and later computing developments. | 1300 | Ramon Llull invented the Lullian Circle: a notional machine for calculating answers to philosophical questions (in this case‚ to do with Christianity) via logical combinatorics. This idea was taken up by Leibniz centuries later‚ and is thus
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1944(Destroyed) Cost: $6500 Size: Two 6’ x 3’ x1’ Memory racks Technology: Relays Memory : 64 22-bit floating point words Program: 35mm punched film Speed : 0.5 Operations per second Application: Circuit Analysis‚ defense‚ prototype Atanasoff-Berry Computer(ABC) Inventor : John V. Atanasoff Builder : Atanasoff and Berry Operational : 1942 Cost : $ 7000 Size : 6’ x 3’ x 3’ Technology : Tubes‚ capacitors‚ cards Memory : 64 50-bit words Program : Fixed‚ Matrix arithmetic calculator Speed : 32
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role‚ the media and individual journalists experienced all forms of vicissitudes and punishment by the colonial authorities. The origins of the media however predated the nationalist struggle for independence. Without recourse to a repeat of long history here‚ we acknowledge the fact that the Nigerian press is a product of evolution from the early Christian missionary establishment in the South of the country. Between 1842 and 1885‚ the Church Missionary Society‚ the Baptist‚ Methodist and the Catholic
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1. Briefly explain why many corporations prefer to issue callable long-term corporate bonds rather than non-callable long-term bonds. There are three main reasons why a corporation may be interested in calling a bond. * Interest rates have fallen‚ so they can refinance at a lower rate. * Credit quality has improved‚ so they can refinance at a lower rate. * Assets have been sold‚ so money is available to pay off debt. If a bond issuer pays investors the going rate of 7% annually in interest‚ and
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Table of Content Task 1: 2 Briefly explain: manager‚ management and organisation. Discuss why managers are important for the success of an organisation; include examples to demonstrate your understanding. 2 Task 2: 4 Select one of the following companies or a company you are familiar with and answer the questions: Virgin‚ BT‚ any educational institute‚ or any retail store 4 a. Discuss the term organisational structure and its significance in achieving organisational success. Task 2 6 a. Draw an
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Briefly Describe The Long March and explain why it is an important event in Chinese History In the summer of 1934‚ after suffering a string of defeats‚ the communist party and the Read Army decided to flee their southern bases and retreat. This retreat became known as the Long march. On the march the group endured 368 days of extreme hardship before they finally reached the caves of Yenan in Northern China. The Long March is recalled fondly with great idealism as a time when thousands of Chinese
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History of Computing Hardware Computing hardware evolved from machines that needed separate manual action to perform each arithmetic operation‚ to punched card machines‚ and then to stored-program computers. The history of stored-program computers relates first to computer architecture‚ that is‚ the organization of the units to perform input and output‚ to store data and to operate as an integrated mechanism. Before the development of the general-purpose computer‚ most calculations were done
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