CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMING LANGUAGES (COMPUTER SCIENCE 7) PRELIMINARIES Reasons for Studying Concepts of Programming Languages 1. Increased capacity to express ideas – People with limited grasp of natural language are limited in the complexity of their thoughts‚ it is difficult for people to conceptualize structure that they cannot describe‚ verbally or in writing. Programmers in the process of developing software encounter the same constraint. Programmers can increase the range of their software-development
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The Evolution of Language The study of language is very intriguing once you start looking a little farther into it. I read through many books and sources to help make the history of language a little more clear and found many interesting ideas. I found that something as simple as the way you use your hand could shape the brain‚ language‚ and human culture (The Hand). I also found many sources on human evolution; and digging a bit deeper into this area showed me many thoughts and
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Programming language generations The terms "first generation" and "second generation" programming language were not used prior to the coining of the term "third-generation"; none of these three terms are mentioned in early compendiums of programming languages. The introduction of a third generation of computer technology coincided with the creation of a new generation of programming languages. The marketing for this generational shift in machines correlated with several important changes in what
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Apple Inc. in 2010 Stragegy and Structure_ Nov.18‚ 2014 Content Industry Introduction Strategy Analysis Recommendation Industry Introduction Industry Introduction - Smart Phone Industry Supplier - Low bargaining power Buyer Substitute - Booming market - Difficult to find substitute - High price elasticity - Low switching cost - Certain brand royalty (for Apple users) New entrant - Certain requirement of technology and investment - Networks/Carrier barrier - Certain local policy incentives
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Levels of programming languages There are two major levels namely; 1. Low-level languages 2. High-level languages These two languages are sub-divided into five generations. 1st and 2nd gen - low level languages 3rd‚ 4th‚ and 5th – high level Xtics of low level languages. 1. They are easily understood by the computer directly i.e. they require little effort to translate into computer understandable form. 2. These languages are hardware oriented and thus not portable i.e. such that a
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1.1 Your First Java Program: Hello World In this section‚ our plan is to lead you into the world of Java programming by taking you through the three basic steps required to get a simple program running. The Java system is a collection of applications not unlike any of the other applications that you are accustomed to using (such as your word processor‚ e-mail program‚ or internet browser). As with any application‚ you need to be sure that Java is properly installed on your computer. You
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Effects of PowerPoint Presentations on Students’ Learning Project Report By: Dinesh Kumar Veloo PGP/17/248 K Parvathy PGP/17/213 Sourav Dhal PGP/17/242 Table of Contents Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………………………………….…… 2 Executive Summary …………………………………………………………………………………... 3 Purpose and Scope ………………………………………………………………………...………..... 4 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 Literature Review …………………………………………………………………………..…………. 6 Methodology ………………………………………………………………………………………
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What are computer programming languages? A programming language can be explained to be a language that are used by the machines mainly computer systems. They are notations to write programs which are condition of a computation or algorithm. Few restrict the expression of "programming language" to those languages that are used to express all possible algorithms. The invention of computers is predated by the earlier programming languages that were used to direct the behavior of machines‚ for
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computer programmer has many languages to choose from‚ but what’s the difference between them? What are these languages used for? How can we categorize them in useful ways? These days‚ programming languages are becoming more and more general and all-purpose‚ but they still have their specializations‚ and each language has its disadvantages and advantages. Languages can generally be divided into a few basic types‚ though many languages support more than one programming style. This following list
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computer‚ was called machine language or machine code‚ it is the only language a computer really understands‚ a sequence of 0s and 1s that the computer’s controls interprets as instructions‚ electrically. First-generation languages required the writing of long strings of binary numbers to represent such operations as “add‚” “subtract‚” “and compare.” Later improvements allowed octal‚ decimal‚ or hexadecimal representation of the binary strings. 2ND GENERATION (ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE): Because writing programs
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