The aim of this essay is to discuss an ethical issue encountered whilst on placement. The discussion will focus on the influence of the key ethics theories of deontology and utilitarianism‚ ethics principles of autonomy‚ beneficence‚ non-maleficence and justice on decision-making in practice. It will consider the patients’ and staffs’ values and beliefs‚ legislation and professional practice. Confidentiality will be respected by using a pseudonym‚ Carol‚ in accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery
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using Kohlberg’s moral development model and by examining major ethical systems‚ namely deontology and utilitarianism‚ a clear understanding of the factors influencing this type of decision-making can be gained. Specifically‚ utilitarianism‚ Kant’s categorical imperative and the doctrine of double effect address the decision from differing viewpoints‚ providing the decision maker with compelling evidence to support both angles of the ethical and moral dilemma presented in the decision at hand. A decision
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Aristotle had a few theories of ethics. Aristotle believed that one attains happiness by living a virtuous life and through the development of reason and the faculty of theoretical wisdom. He believed that moral virtue is a relative mean between extremes of excess and deficiency and in general the moral life is one of moderation in all things except virtue. He believed that virtuous acts require conscious choice and moral purpose or motivation. Finally‚ he believed that moral virtue cannot be achieved
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In the final scene of the movie Crimes and Misdemeanors‚ I believe the fictional philosopher Louse Levy’s message was very similar to philosophy Jean-Paul Sartre and his theory on existentialism. One of Sartre’s quotes‚ “Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself.” Levy is trying to convey that we are in control of our choices and we choose our own happiness. In the final scene of the film Levy states‚ “We’re all faced throughout our lives with making conscience moral decisions. Some
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continence and temperance and their relation to moral virtue and how it is possessed. I will explain what Aristotle’s view on knowledge‚ and how it the key to human life. When Aristotle describes moral virtue he describes it as something that “comes as a result of habit”(Nicomanchean Ethics I‚ xiii 1103a17) to state that “non of the moral virtues are in us by nature”( Nicomanchean Ethics I‚ xiii 1103a18) by saying this Aristotle is implying that moral virtue is acquired by the repetition of doing good deeds
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The theory of utilitarianism was put forward entierly by Jeremy Bentham‚ who wrote about Ethics and Politics. He was a social reformer keen to improve the lives of the working class. Many of the improvements made in the treatments of criminals in the 18th and 19th centuries were the results of Benthems ethics. Bentham believed that which is good is that which equals the greatest sum of pleasure and the least sum of pain. (Hedonism). We can divide his theory into three parts: His
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The prominant criticism of Utilitarianism is that it is extremely hard to predict the results of an action. The outcomes of all situations are hard to predict‚ so how can we possibly apply the rule of the greatest happiness for the greatest number if we do not know who will benefit most? It is also difficult to decide whether an outcome is morally good or bad. People have contrasting opinions on what they think is right or wrong and it depends on the individual who is making the decision. This causes
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Topic: #2 Deontology There are many theories of morality that aim to create criteria for an action’s moral value. Kantian Deontology is a one of those theories. This theory values an action‚ not based on the happiness or pleasure derived from it‚ but the will behind it. Kantian Deontologists do not value happiness and pleasure as intrinsically good because there is nothing good other than a good will- since good will is the motive to act for moral duty. Although Kantian Deontology is logical
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Advertising Ethics: A Contextual Response Based on Classical Ethical Theory Cornelius B. Pratt E. LincolnJames ABSTRACT. F. P. Bishop argues that the ethical standard for advertising practitioners nmst be utilitarian. Indeed‚ the utilitarian theory of ethics in decision-making has traditionally been the preference of U.S. advertisingpractitioners. This article‚ therefore‚ argues that the U.S. advertising industry’s de-emphasisof &ontological ethics is a reason for its continuing struggle with
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people who say that happiness is virtue‚ or arête. “Virtue‚ then‚ is a state of character concerned with choice‚ lying in a mean‚ i.e.‚ the mean relative to us‚ this being determined by a rational principle‚ and by that principle by which the man of practical wisdom would determine it. Now it is a mean between two vices‚ that which depends on excess and that which depends of defect (…) Hence‚ in respect of its substance and the definition which states its essence virtue is a mean‚ with regard to what
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