of Shikimic Acid‚ intermediate for the production of Oseltamivir‚ the Avian Flu drug Supervised by: Dr. Reza Yegani Dr. Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh Mr. Habibollah Ramezanzade by: Kaveh Yazdifard Presented on: 1385/10/3 Contents Acknowledgement Introduction Shikimic Acid & its Natural Properties Derivatives of Shikimic Acid Avian Flu Sickness‚ Medications Oseltamivir and Shikimic Acid’s Role in Synthesis Production of Shikimic Acid Extracting Shikimic Acid from the Plant
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Abstract The objective of this experiment was to observe multi-step purification of benzoic acid after performing the extraction from a mixture containing benzoic acid‚ cellulose‚ and methyl orange. Recrystallization was done to remove impurities from the sample. The amount of BA recovered during recrystallization is much less than the extracted amount of BA. The difference between the pure and impure samples was observed by comparison of melting points. It was found that impure samples will have
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The acid-fast stain is performed on samples to demonstrate the characteristic of acid fastness in certain bacteria. Acid fastness is a characteristic that is shared by just a few organisms‚ so staining to determine if organisms possess this trait is useful in microbial identification schemes. The Ziehl-Neelsen method has endured as a reliable and effective way to demonstrate the acid-fast bacteria. Materials: 18-20 nutrient hour agar slant culture of Staphyloccus aureus 4 day old nutrient
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Part A: Table 1: Fractionation of amino acid Fraction No | Response to Ninhydrin test(level of blue colour change) | Response to Sakaguchi test (colour change) | 1 | X | yellow | 2 | Dark blue | yellow | 3 | Dark blue | Pale orange | 4 | Blue | Pale orange | 5 | Pale blue | Pale orange | 6 | Blue | Pale orange | 7 | Pale blue | Pale orange | Discussion Part A In the separation and purification of a single protein or amino acids‚ a solution containing the desired analyte
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TEABAG EXTRACT AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR INK An Investigatory Project Chapters 1- 3 Submitted by: Alfonso‚ Manuela Fairbanks Garcia‚ Tonica Paga Cho‚ Jung Hun Lat‚ Manuel Miguel Feliciano November 2013 Chapter I Introduction A. Background of the Study The group will conduct the study because the group noticed that teabag extract is dark in colour and it can be use to make ink‚ and also the group noticed that teabags are made from natural resources. Some kinds
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physical activity and obesity among urban‚ rural and slum populations in north India”. Obese 9(5):400-408. 5. Micha‚ R. and Mozaffarian‚ D. (2008)‚ “Trans fatty acids: effects on cardio metabolic health and implications for policy. prostaglandins‚ leukotrienes and essential fatty acids”‚ 79: 147-152. 6. Dhir‚ S. (2009) “Regulation of trans fatty acids in partially hydrogenated”. Food journal 109(2):182-195. 7. Center for Science in the Public Interest‚ (2012) “Trans fat: On the way out” Available at:
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• With replicants being represented as unicorns throughout the film‚ this shot could represent the the unicorns being washed away by the rain such as the myth of the unicorns not making it on Noahs ark and being washed away. All in all‚ the film blade runner has many underlying themes and motifs carefully woven together in every scene to add coherence and a deeper meaning to the overall
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Exercise 10 Acid/Base Balance NAME 1. Match each of the definitions in Column A with the appropriate description in Column B. Column A Column B F 1. pH E 2. acid D 3. base A 4. acidosis B 5. alkalosis C 6. carbon dioxide a. condition in which the human body’s pH levels fall below 7.35 b. condition in which the human body’s pH levels rise above 7.45 c. mixes with water in the blood to form carbonic acid d. substance
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Authors and movie producers write novels and make movies for several different reasons. Some write to entertain‚ some to inform‚ and others to teach lessons‚ especially to students. One movie that does a great job teaching students is Rain Man. This movie tells the story of a man who meets his autistic brother‚ Raymond‚ after his father dies. Although at first skeptical of his brother‚ he learns many great qualities about him. Although Raymond’s autism may change his learning and social abilities
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ACID/BASE You might need to know the following K values: CH3COOH Ka = 1.8 x 10–5 Benzoic Acid Ka = 6.5 x 10–5 HNO2 Ka = 4.5 x 10–4 NH3 Kb = 1.8 x 10–5 HF Ka = 7.2 x 10–4 H2S Ka = 5.7 x 10–8 HSO4– Ka = 1.2 x 10–2 HS– Ka = 1.2 x 10–13 HCOOH Ka = 1.8 x 10–4 HOCl Ka = 3.0 x 10–8 SIMPLE ACIDS AND BASES 1. According to the Brønsted–Lowry definition‚ which species can function both as an acid and as a base? (A) Cl– (B) SO42– (C) NH4+ (D) HCO3– (E) H3O+ 2. Which of the following
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