Carbide (Fe–Fe3C) Phase Diagram • In their simplest form‚ steels are alloys of Iron (Fe) and Carbon (C). • The Fe-C phase diagram is a fairly complex one‚ but we will only consider the steel part of the diagram‚ up to around 7% C b d Carbon. • Phases present α-ferrite‚ γ-ferrite‚ δ-ferrite‚ Fe3C (iron carbide or cementite) Fe-C liquid solution School of Mechanical and Building Sciences‚ VIT University‚ Vellore 1 Phases in Fe–Fe3C Phase Diagram α-ferrite - solid solution
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Topics Chapter 9 Using Data Flow Diagrams Data flow diagram symbols Data flow diagram levels Creating data flow diagrams Physical and logical data flow diagrams Partitioning Event driven modeling Use case and data flow diagrams Systems Analysis and Design Kendall and Kendall Fifth Edition Kendall & Kendall Using Data Flow Diagrams Unexploded data flow diagrams are useful to identify information requirements Exploded data flow diagrams can be used for presentation‚ education
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T A B The Free Body Diagram The Concurrent System Free Body Diagrams • Essential step in solving Equilibrium problems •Complex Structural systems reduced into concise FORCE systems WHAT IS A FREE BODY DIAGRAM? A FBD is a simplified representation of a PARTICLE or RIGID BODY that is isolated from its surroundings and on which all applied forces and reactions are shown. All forces acting on a particle original body must be considered‚ and equally important any force not
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How to : Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Data flow diagram (DFD) is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system Order CUSTOMER Status Message Status Data 2.0 Shipping Confirmation In-Stock Request WAREHOUSE 1.0 Shipping Order Check Status Order Data D1 Pending Orders 3.0 Issue Status Messages Order Data Payment Invoice Manage Accounts Receivable 5.0 Accounting Data Accounts Receivable Data
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Frank and Alex in a tug-of-war • Draw the free body diagram on the back of your sheet or your notes for Frank winning (accelerating away) a tugof-war with Alex – Draw Frank and Alex as separate objects‚ with forces acting on each – How many forces are there on each? – Identify Newton’s 3rd law pairs – Identify Newton’s 2nd law relationships 1 Frank and Alex in a tug-of-war • Draw the free body diagram on the back of your sheet or your notes for Frank winning (accelerating away)
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Flowcharts Guidelines for Drawing System Flowcharts PROBLEMS CASE ANALYSES The Berridge Company FreezeTime‚ Inc. The Dinteman Company Lois Hale and Associates PROCESS MAPS AND DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS Process Maps Guidelines for Drawing Process Maps Data Flow Diagrams Guidelines for Drawing Data Flow Diagrams REFERENCES AND RECOMMENDED READINGS ANSWERS TO TEST YOURSELF OTHER DOCUMENTATION TOOLS Program Flowcharts Decision Tables Software Tools for Graphical Documentation and SOX Compliance
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ERD Explanation DBM/380 January 23‚ 2012 ERD Explanation There are several levels of normalization such as 1NF‚ 2NF‚ and 3NF. The Huffman Driver database was brought to the normalization level of 3NF by following a series of guidelines from the lowest form of normalization‚ 1NF. The first normalization form level (1NF) consists of the basic rules for an organized database. These are: • Eliminate duplicative columns from the same table. • Create separate tables for each group
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6 Pg 305 2. What is a data flow diagram? Why do systems analysts use data flow diagrams? Answers: A picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system. Systems analysts use DFDs to help in the analysis phase by accomplishing the following three things: 1. Requirements Determination 2. Requirements Structuring 3. Alternative Generation and Selection 3. Explain the rules for drawing good data flow diagrams. Answers: Process: A. No process
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EXISTING POINT OF SALES BLOCK DIAGRAM PACKAGING OF ITEMS GENERATING RECEIPT (MANUALLY) COMPUTING OF TOTAL PRICE SEARCHING OF ITEM ORDER OF ITEM CONTEXT DIAGRAM ORDER OF ITEM SEARCHING OF ITEM COMPUTING THE TOTAL PRICE GENERATING RECEIPT (MANUALLY) PACKAGING OF ITEMS CUSTOMER PHARMACIST FIRST LEVEL DATA FLOW DIAGRAM 1 PLACE AN ORDER 2 SEARCHING OF ITEM PHARMACIST PACKAGING OF ITEMS CUSTOMER ITEM NAME ORDERED
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USE-CASE DIAGRAM EXERCISE 1. Draw a use case diagram for an ATM machine with the following functionality. A customer’s interaction with the system involves logging in‚ making withdrawal requests‚ deposit requests‚ and balance inquiry requests. If the customer logs in‚ there is a possibility (although rare) that the system will confiscate the card (for example‚ if the login is incorrect or if the bank determines that the customer’s balance is significantly under zero). Card confiscation involves
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