Introduction This reaction is designed to put functional groups onto aromatic rings. This is done through an electrophilic aromatic substitution where a positive species is strong enough to pull electrons out of the ring to bond it‚ and the ring pulls hydrogens in to rearomatize the ting is substitution. One way of doing this is through using a Friedel-Crafts method. If there are already substituents already on the ring the electrophilic attack of the carbocation or acylium ion so that the new group goes
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BROMINATION OF ACETANILIDE OBJECTIVE Aim of the experiment was too brominate acetaldehyde to form p-bromoacetanilide. INTRODUCTION Acetanilide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula of C6H5NH(COCH3). It is a crystalline solid that is prepared by acetylation of analine and is widely used in the dye industry. This crystalline solid is an odourless solid chemical that has a flake or leaf like appearance. It is also known as N phenylacetamide‚ acetanil or acetanilide. Its former
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Alkanes & Cycloalkanes: Conformations and cistrans Stereoisomers Stereochemistry Alcohols & Alkyl Halides. Nucleophilic Substitution Structure & Preparation of Alkenes: Elimination Reactions Reactions of Alkenes: Addition reactions Alkynes Conjugation in Alkadienes & Allylic Systems Arenes and Aromaticity Reactions of Arenes: Electrophilic & Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions B. R. Kaafarani 2 Course Grading Exam I Exam II Assignments Final Exam I: 25% 25% 10% 40% 100% Wednesday‚ March
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Analysis of Hydrocarbons Myra Gurango‚ Geneva Guy‚ Micah Hernandez* and Joyce Lagarde Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The organic compounds hexane‚ toluene‚ cyclohexene and naphthalene in hexene were subjected to parallel chemical testing to differentiate their intrinsic physical properties in terms of structure and behavior. The physical state and color were noted by simple physical observation. Nitration Testing was conducted for preliminary
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SUMMARY OF ORGANIC REACTIONS SECTION 1 - ALIPHATIC Aldehydes and ketones |Type of reaction |Mechanism | |1. oxidation (aldehydes only): aldehyde ( carboxylic acid |n/a | | | | |reagents: potassium
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Electrophiles will attack benzene and result in hydrogen substitution. However‚ this is not thermodynamically favoured because a sp3 hybridized carbon is generated‚ which disrupts the cyclic conjugation. In order to regenerate the aromatic ring‚ a proton is lost at the sp3 hybridized carbon. Thus‚ p-Nitroaniline can be prepared by means of electrophilic aromatic substitution. To begin‚ nitric acid needs to be activated as it has little electrophilic power. Thus‚ concentrated sulfuric acid is added to
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Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize methyl m-Nitrobenzoate from methyl benzoate‚ concentrated HNO3‚ and concentrated H2 SO4 by an electrophilic substitution reaction. The H2 SO4 and the HNO3 were initially combined to form nitronium ion which was then used as an electrophile in the reaction. Crystals that were collected after the formation of the methyl m-Nitrobenzoate were collected by vacuum filtration and the product was isolated and purified
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Bromination of Acetanilide Objective: The objective of this experiment was to use melting point and NMR to determine which of two isomers‚ ortho or para‚ would most likely form after brominating Acetanilide through electrophilic aromatic substitution. Procedure/Observations: 1. Weigh out ~280 mg of acetanilide in a 10 mL r.b. flask with a stir bar. 2. Then‚ add 2.0 mL of glacial acetic acid using a calibrated Pasteur pipet. 3. Stir the mixture until all of the acetanilide has dissolved
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Pericyclic reactions and rearrangements 4 Revision Important topics include but not limited to:1) Structure of molecules – Atomic orbitals‚ molecular orbitals‚ hybridization 2) Mechanism of reactions – curly arrows‚ chemical reactions‚ substitution‚ elimination‚ etc 3) Delocalization and conjugation – theory of resonance‚ structure of alkenes‚ allyl‚ vinyl systems. 4) Acidity‚ basicity and pKa 5) Conformational Analysis - Cyclohexane 6) Stereochemistry – regioselective‚ stereoselective‚ stereospecific
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Bromination Solo Experiment 3 – Individual Lab Report (Save as pdf and submit‚ due by 12:00 NOON one week after experiment) Last Name: First Name: TA Name: Date Lab Performed: Date Lab Submitted: Group A‚ B‚ or C: Comments for Grading TA: (Please indicate if you performed the lab on a day other than your regularly scheduled day and/or with a TA other than your regular TA). Page Limit: report must not exceed FIVE pages (including this page) LIMIT DOES NOT INCLUDE ANY GRAPHS‚ SPECTRA
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