when comparing textbooks and material that I have learned from both classes. Most recently‚ I have conducted research on the validity of eyewitness testimonies and the cognitive psychology behind it. I also had the opportunity to interview Dr. Robert Belli‚ a professor at UNL that focuses most of his research on factors that affect the reliability of eyewitness testimonies such as the misinformation effect and recovered memory. When considering all the problems that are associated with human memory
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Steve Titus’s circumstances illustrates the dangers of source confusion during eyewitness testimonies. Source confusion occurs when the context and details of a stimulus are misremembered or confused with another stimulus‚ which may only appear familiar. In this case‚ Titus resembled a rapist who was wanted‚ as well as his car was similar to the rapist’s car. When Titus was shown in a lineup‚ he was picked out as the offender. This situation shows that people are capable of having no source memory
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Dec 1862; Eyewitness Testimony of Union Physician Louis Steiner‚ Dr. Lewis Steiner‚ Chief Inspector of the United States Sanitary Commission‚ observed General Stonewall Jackson’s occupation of Frederick‚ Maryland‚ in 1862. He wrote: Over 3‚000 Negroes must be included in this number of Confederate troops). These were clad in all kinds of uniforms‚ not only in cast-off or captured United States uniforms‚ but in coats with Southern buttons‚ State buttons‚ etc. Most of the Negroes had arms‚ rifles‚
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Discuss reliability and validity of diagnosis A reliable and valid diagnosis is one which is correctly reasoned from a satisfying premise and agreed upon by psychiatrists using the same diagnosis system. However‚ there are many factors that make the process of determining a diagnosis intricate. For one to obtain a reliable and valid diagnosis‚ one has to be sure that the classification systems themselves are valid and reliable. Because the concept of abnormality is so complex it is particularly
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Eyewitness testimony Eyewitness testimony can play a big part in criminal court cases. Whether or not a person is convicted of a crime can come down to the reliability of an eyewitness and how confidently he or she conveys testimony to a jury. The problem is these eyewitness accounts aren’t always accurate. The Innocence Project is a non-profit team of attorneys and law students that re-examines questionable murder convictions with the hope of using DNA evidence to overturn the sentences of defendents
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From Fraser’s talking‚ I strongly agree his concern about the eyewitness identification testimony. I agree with Fraser that eyewitness testimonies are not reliable in some cases because “eyewitness testimony can be critiqued on several grounds‚ having impaired perception‚ having impaired memory‚ having inconsistent testimony‚ having bias or prejudice‚ and not having a reputation for telling the truth.” Even eyewitness testimony from honest people can sent innocent people in jail. Therefore‚ even
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Eyewitness Testimony: Effects of Gender on Memory Recall Georgia College and State University Abstract Eyewitness testimony is a frequently used tool in the judicial system. Although studies have shown that eyewitness testimony is not always accurate due to the many different factors that affect our everyday memory‚ this study focused on gender being a factor in memory recall. Male and female participants were shown a video of a crime that was taking place. Participants watched a video
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The fallibility of Eyewitness Identification and Testimony INTRODUCTION: Eyewitness identification and testimonies are relied on heavily by the criminal justice system to help with investigation and prosecution of crimes and criminals. Due to the increase in the use of eyewitness identification psychologist began studying the results more efficiently to gain a clearer understanding of the risks it holds.. A scientific literature on this specific topic was created and highlighted the issues that
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stress of the event‚ which can also influence our memories (Matlin‚ 2012). If fact the act of recalling an event is more like trying to put together a puzzle with missing pieces‚ than simple reviewing a video. And when we take into account that “eyewitness misidentification is the greatest contributing factor to wrongful convictions proven by DNA testing‚ playing a role in more than 70% of convictions overturned through DNA testing
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Reliability is general rather than specific But validity is not general but specific. Reliability is necessary for validity because a test with score which fluctuates very much does not test anything. For example if a test of pronunciation measures pronunciation it is a valid test‚ instead of measures grammar and vocabulary. The test yields dependable scores that is if the scores do not fluctuate very much the test is reliable. means the scores obtained by a student will be close to the score she
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