Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in biological rhythms A rhythm is something that is regularly repeated e.g. eating several times a day. These rhythms are repeated over different intervals and they are governed by both internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors. An endogenous pacemaker is something internal that sets the rhythm‚ and an exogenous zeitgeber is something external that affects / sets the rhythm e.g. light. A biological rhythm that
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the circadian rhythm. 24 Markers Circadian rhythm is rhythms that last 24 hours‚ one day. An example of a Circadian Rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle. Because this rhythm occurs daily‚ it is tempting to automatically assume that the factors which control it are exogenous zeitgebers‚ such as natural light patterns‚ TV‚ radio‚ birdsong‚ Research however has gone into this to find out what exactly controls the circadian rhythms.
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Endogenous Pacemakers‚ Exogenous Zeitgebers Essay Plan 1. Describe in detail endogenous pacemakers- suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus‚ SCN obtains information about light from the eye via the optic nerve‚ happens even when eyes are shut‚ as light penetrates the eyelids. If endogenous clock is running slowly‚ morning light automatically shifts the clock ahead‚ making the rhythm correct with the world outside again. SCN- pair of structures- one in each hemisphere of the brain‚ and
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the sleep-wake cycle and at least one other biological rhythm Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers can manipulate the various bodily rhythms‚ and have particular affects on the sleep / week cycle in the circadian rhythm. Endogenous pacemakers are separate and distinct internal rhythms that affect the bodily rhythms; similarly‚ exogenous zeitgebers are outside influences‚ and sometimes outside rhythms that also affect
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There are 3 biological rhythms in the body. Circadian‚ which is our body clock which works to a 24-hour cycle and regulates our bodies biochemical‚ physiological and behavioural processes. Ultradian processes‚ which are smaller processes that happen inside our 24-hour circadian cycle. These Ultradian cycles are the sleep stages lasting 90-120 minutes‚ however some other ultradian cycles include hormone release‚ heart rate‚ nostril dilation and appetite. Lastly there is Infradian which are outside
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers in the control of circadian rhythms [AO1 8 marks‚ AO2 16 marks] An endogenous pacemaker is an internal biological clock that controls the way in which many of our biological rhythms behave. Many of these rhythms run on a 24 hour basis‚ such as the sleep/wake cycle‚ bodily temperatures and some of our hormones. The main endogenous pacemaker in mammals is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)‚ which is located in the hypothalamus. It receives information
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Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers are used to control biological rhythms. Biological rhythms are controlled by environmental factors such as light‚ temperature and food availability; these are known as exogenous (external) zeitgebers. However biological organisms are complex systems‚ where many different processes are taking place. This means that it would be useful to have something which would co-ordinate these processes‚ keeping everything in time – an endogenous pacemaker. This
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Outline and evaluate the role of endogenous pacemakers and of exogenous zeitgebers in the control of circadian rhythms (8+16) Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms that occur every 24 hours‚ an example of a circadian rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle‚ another circadian rhythm is body temperature which is at its lowest at around 36 degrees at night and it peaks in the morning at 38 degrees. Endogenous pacemakers are internal body ’clocks’ that will modulate biological rhythms‚ the SCN is an example
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therefore able to control the circadian rhythm. As the biological body clock is controlled inside it is known as endogenous‚ these are called endogenous pacemakers. So how do these work on their own to affect the sleep-wake cycle and why do we need external factors to also help control our circadian rhythms? There have been many studies into endogenous pacemakers to see if our sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythms) will still last 24hours without any exogenous zeitgebers(external factors) influencing this
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Discuss the influence of endogenous pacemaker and exogenous zeitgebers on one or more biological rhythms (24 Marks) Introduction This essay will outline and evaluate the role that endogenous pacemakers (ep’s) or internal clocks have on our biological cycles. It will also consider exogenous zeitgebers (ez’s) or external timekeepers. The two cycles to be considered are circadian and ultradian. AO1 Psychologists believe that the circadian rhythm (sleep/wake) is controlled by an
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