CHAPTER 13: Transfer & Problem Solving Vocabulary * Transfer: When something you learn in one situation affects how you learn or perform in another situation. * Problem Solving: Knowledge and skills you have previously learned to solve a problem. * Positive Transfer: When learning in one situation facilitates learning or performance in another situation. * Negative Transfer: When something learned in one situation hinders a person’s ability to learn or perform in a second situation
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Essay topic: Compare and contrast the generate-and-test‚ the means-end analysis‚ and the reasoning-by-analogy approaches to problem solving. Give examples of each and apply at least one to current research. How does one go about solving problems? There are many different methods but three in particular that are of interest to psychologists in the field of cognition. These three approaches are the generate and test approach‚ the means-end analysis approach and the reasoning-by-analogy approach
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What is Problem Solving? A series of defined activities/steps that should lead to solving a problem‚ these activities include: A problem Definition –a statement (a paragraph or series of paragraphs) outlining the nature of the problem Proposition and evaluation of solution –the creation of one or more algorithms (pseudocodeor flowcharts); truth tables Determination of most efficient solution –comparison of algorithms to test for numbers of steps‚ no of variables dry ‚ runs‚ etc
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Problem Solving and Searching IT Elect 104 (Chapter 3) Some text and images in these slides were drawn from Russel & Norvig’s published material Problem Solving Agent Function Problem Solving Agent * Agent finds an action sequence to achieve a goal * Requires problem formulation * Determine goal * Formulate problem based on goal * Searches for an action sequence that solves the problem * Actions are then carried out‚ ignoring percepts during that period
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this problem solving? Problem Solving is a tool‚ a skill and a process. It is a tool because it can help to solve an immediate problem or to achieve a goal. It is a skill because you can use it repeatedly‚ like the ability to ride a bicycle‚ add numbers or speak a language. It is also a process because it involves taking a number of steps. Problem solving is a mental process that involves discovering‚ analyzing and solving problem. Reed (2000) posits that the ultimate goal of problem solving
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Systematic Problem Solving/Problem Finding Strategies to Improve Customer Satisfaction and Efficiency Problem-solving is a psychological process that involves discovering‚ analysing and solving problems. The eventual goal of problem-solving is to overcome hurdles and find a solution that resolves the issue. Problem solving strategies are common in place of business. That’s why entrepreneurs are called problem solvers. When they solve a problem a new value is created and it also enhances customer
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Essay : Technology creates more problems than it solves and may threaten or damage the quality of life Technology is the use of machines to solve problems which in most cases couldn’t be solved manually. The machines were used to make our lives easier and on most occasions it has succeeded. Development of ‘wheel’‚ ‘telephone’‚ ‘first-generation computer’ and ‘atom-bomb’ had been the most useful developments for the mankind over the last few centuries. The last century experienced humongous developments
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Therefore‚ working with a group‚ and thinking as a team can have greater advantages. One of the advantages of teamwork is seeing different solutions to a particular problem. As a team‚ “you see different points of view and learn new ways of solving problems” (Beverly K. Bachel‚ 2007). In addition‚ true teamwork and learning to problem solve as a team‚ builds communication skills. Through the building of communication skills‚ a team is able to share ideas‚ and provide useful feedback. According
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THE THINKER’S KEYS 1. The REVERSE Place words such as cannot‚ never and not in sentences which are commonly displayed in a listing format. THE JUSTIFICATION: Students are too often required to regurgitate endless lists of facts. Moving in the opposite direction still requires a sound knowledge base‚ but it forces students to think. THE EXAMPLE: Name 10 things that you could not clean. List 5 sounds that you have never heard.
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Art of Problem Solving www.artofproblemsolving.com Resources for high-performing math students and their teachers David Patrick patrick@artofproblemsolving.com June 20‚ 2012 Bay Area Circle for Teachers David Patrick (AoPS) www.artofproblemsolving.com BACT 2012 1 / 12 History www.artofproblemsolving.com Founded in 2003 Created to provide resources and a community for high-performing math students and their teachers and parents. David Patrick (AoPS) www.artofproblemsolving
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