1. i) • Antenna radiation pattern or antenna pattern is defined as “a mathematical function or a graphical representation of the radiation properties of the antenna as a function of space coordinates.” • The radiation pattern is determined in the far-field region and is represented as a function of the directional coordinates. • Radiation properties include power flux density‚ radiation intensity‚ field strength‚ directivity phase or polarization [pic]
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Antennas & Propagation CS 6710 Spring 2010 Rajmohan Rajaraman Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors o Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space o Reception - collects electromagnetic energy from space In two-way communication‚ the same antenna can be used for transmission and reception Radiation Patterns Radiation pattern o Graphical representation of radiation properties of an antenna o Depicted as two-dimensional
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Antenna Basics Theory Basic terms Basic antenna types 1 ©Kathrein/Scholz 07/04 Antenna Basics / Theory What is an antenna ? An antenna is the converter between two kinds of electromagnetic waves : cable bounded waves ⇔ free space waves 2 ©Kathrein/Scholz 07/04 Antenna Basics / Theory antenna principle shown by bending a coax cable open the pulsing electrical field‚ created by the transmitter‘s high frequency power‚ cannot leave the cable the field lines
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NUS/ECE EE4101 Antenna Arrays 1 Introduction Antenna arrays are becoming increasingly important in wireless communications. Advantages of using antenna arrays: 1. They can provide the capability of a steerable beam (radiation direction change) as in smart antennas. 2. They can provide a high gain (array gain) by using simple antenna elements. 3. They provide a diversity gain in multipath signal reception. 4. They enable array signal processing. Hon Tat Hui 1 Antenna Arrays NUS/ECE
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Smart Antenna Systems for Mobile Communications FINAL REPORT Ivica Stevanovi´‚ Anja Skrivervik and Juan R. Mosig c January 2003 Laboratoire d’Electromagn´tisme et d’Acoustique e Ecole Polytechnique F´d´rale de Lausanne e e CH-1015 Lausanne Suisse http://lemawww.epfl.ch/ ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Evolution from Omnidirectional to Smart Antennas 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 4 5 5 8 8 10 14 17 17 19 20 21
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CHAPTER -2 SADDLE ANTENNA 2.1 NOVEL UWB ANTENNA DESIGN CONCEPT Saddle antenna is a unique kind of flared antenna. This Ultra Wide Band antenna is based on using of two smoothly shaped flares of a simple geometrical structure – the saddle. The first flare‚ larger in size‚ serves as an antenna base‚ reflector and one of the radiator arms. The second flare‚ smaller in size‚ operates as the other arm of the radiator. An apparent idea is exploited in this design that an “ideal”
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SETIT 2009 Design of a Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for GSM/UMTS/ISM/WLAN Operations Said GHNIMI*‚ Adnen RAJHI* and Ali GHARSALLAH* *Unité de recherche Circuits et Systèmes Electroniques Haute Fréquences‚ Faculté des sciences de Tunis said.ghnimi@fst.rnu.tn adnen.Rajhi@esti.rnu.tn ali.gharsallah@fst.rnu.tn Abstract: This paper describes the design of a dual-frequency antenna for GSM and UMTS/LAN/ISM system applications. A patch antenna with rectangular aperture is designed by using a thick
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RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA USING METAMATERIAL FOR BETTER EFFICIENCY Gourav Singh Rajput‚ Department of Electronics‚ Madhav Institute of Technology and Science Gwalior‚ (M.P); EMAIL- gouravrajput23@gmail.com Abstract In this present work‚ “Design and analysis of patch antenna using metamaterial (MTM) structure” is proposed for better improvement in the impedance bandwidth and reduction in the return loss at operating frequency 1.89 GHz. The proposed antenna is designed at a height 3.2
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SUBJECT: ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION 1. Define an antenna. Antenna is a transition device or a transducer between a guided wave and a free space wave or vice versa. Antenna is also said to be an impedance transforming device. 2. What is meant by radiation pattern? Radiation pattern is the relative distribution of radiated power as a function of distance in space .It is a graph which shows the variation in actual field strength of the EM wave at all points which are at equal distance from the
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Abstract: In wireless communication using omnidirectional antennas communication is made in directions not pointing towards the recipient resulting in energy waste‚ and producing traffic collisions and reducing the battery life. One way of reducing this problem is to use of smart antenna that uses selectable radiation patterns depending on the situations. These antennas provide the ability to sense the direction of incoming signals. Smart antennas are the antenna arrays with smart signal processing algorithms
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