Introduction to Hinduism Hinduism is the religion of the majority of people in India and Nepal. It also exists among significant populations outside of the sub continent and has over 900 million adherents worldwide. In some ways Hinduism is the oldest living religion in the world‚ or at least elements within it stretch back many thousands of years. Yet Hinduism resists easy definition partly because of the vast array of practices and beliefs found within it. It is also closely associated conceptually
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BACKGROUND ON KARNA Karna is one of the central characters in the epic Mahabharata‚ from ancient India. He was the King of Anga. Karna was one of the greatest warriors whose martial exploits are recorded in the Mahabharata‚ an admiration expressed by Krishna and Bhishma within the body of this work. Karna was the son of Surya and Kunti. He was born to Kunti before her marriage with Pandu. Karna was the closest friend of Duryodhana and fought on his behalf against the Pandavas in the famous Kurukshetra
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Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2000). (Revised version September 2004). UNESCO and the issue of cultural diversity: Review and strategy‚ 1946-2004. Stenou Katérina (Ed.). Paris: UNESCO. Van Buitenen‚ J. A. B. (Ed. & Trans.). (1973). The Mahabharata (incomplete). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Younger‚ P. (1972). Introduction to Indian religious thought. London: Darton‚ Longman Todd Limited. 102 Asia Journal of Global Studies
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Divine One”‚ is a Sanskrit text from the Mahabharata. The Gita consists of 700 versus‚ and is spoken mainly by Krishna‚ who is explaining the purpose of life to Arjuna. The main goal of one’s life is to attain enlightenment‚ knowledge of the universe. Essentially‚ God is infinite‚ and everything and everyone is a part of his energy. One must realize this‚ and devote himself to worshipping and serving God. Right before the beginning of the Mahabharata War‚ Arjuna suddenly refuses to participate
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Therefore it is called Purusottamkshetra‚ the place of Jagannath or Purusottam‚ i.e.‚ the Supreme Being or the Lord of the universe is a place of great antequity. According to old tradition‚ Sanskrit Brahma Purana and Scandha Purana as well as in Oriya Mahabharata of Adikavi Sarala Das and Darubrahma Gita of Jagannath Das‚ a Savara leader named
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more detailed picture of statecraft. Kautilya was the chief mentor and a minister who helped first emperor of India Chandragupta Maurya to extend his kingdom to whole of India and beyond up to Afghanistan. His political science is often called ’Raj dharma ’ (Righteousness of the King) and ’Niti Shastra ’ (Science of Ethics) with ethical course of conduct as hallmark of internal and external policy of the state. The concept of ‘Mandala’ the system of developing and preserving international relation
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occasion. At that event we know he performed a story about the hero Bima from the Mahabharata. Hinduism arrived in Indonesia from India even before the Christian era‚ and was slowly adopted as the local belief system. Sanskrit became the literary and court language of Java and later of Bali. The Hindus changed the Wayang (as did the Muslims‚ later) to spread their religion‚ mostly by stories from the Mahabharata or the Ramayana. Later this mixture of religion and wayang play was praised as
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and translated in the past century in Mysore by R. Shamasastry‚ and that until then‚ there was no knowledge of any such compilation‚ despite scant allusions made to an “Arthashastra‚” and its alternative names “Nitisastra” and “Dandaniti‚” in the Mahabharata.3 Thomas Trautmann dates the text to c.150 A.D. and‚ through rigorous statistical analysis‚ he concludes that the Arthashastra had several authors spanning a wide range of dates‚4 which adds to the puzzle of how historically obscure the text has
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official language of the state of Uttarakhand.[4] Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo-European studies. The corpus of Sanskrit literature encompasses a rich tradition of poetry and drama as well as scientific‚ technical‚ philosophical and dharma texts. Sanskrit continues to be widely used as a ceremonial language in Hindu religious rituals and Buddhist practice in the forms of hymns and mantras. Spoken Sanskrit has been revised in some villages with traditional institutions‚ and there are
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Lit. 103 World Literatures Preliminary Examination Reviewer ------------------------------------------------- Indian-Chinese-Japanese Indian Literature Aryan race- invaded India from North West * Brahmanism‚ Hinduism‚ and Jainism were their religions Gautama Buddha- made many changes in the old religion; his teachings later became the basis for one of the five major religions Sanskrit- oldest extant Aryan language‚ used in most Ancient Indian literature 2 Periods of Indian Literature
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