CFA Institute What Determines Price-Earnings Ratios? Author(s): William Beaver and Dale Morse Source: Financial Analysts Journal‚ Vol. 34‚ No. 4 (Jul. - Aug.‚ 1978)‚ pp. 65-76 Published by: CFA Institute Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4478160 Accessed: 12/06/2010 17:20 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use provides‚ in part
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How are nominal dispositions distinguished from conditional and custodial dispositions? What are some variations of nominal dispositions? How effective are they at reducing recidivism of disposed juveniles? Nominal dispositions- are verbal and or written warnings that are issued to low risk juvenile offenders. They are considered to be the least punitive alternatives Juvenile courts are encourage to use nominal dispositions for the purpose of alerting the juvenile of the seriousness of
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Ratio Analysis to Determine Corporate Health; Exxon Mobile Corp & BP Petroleum Financial statement analysis centers on one or more aspects of a company’s financial state and performance (Wild‚ 2011‚ p.565). According to Wild‚ there are four areas of inquiry that must be given emphasis to when completing a financial analysis (2011‚ p. 565). These four areas include: (1) liquidity‚ (2) solvency‚ (3) profitability‚ and (4) market prospects (Wild‚ 2011‚ pp. 565-582). A ratio analysis expresses a mathematical
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confidence intervals The confidence intervals represent upper and lower bounds of variation around each reference forecast. Values may occur outside the confidence intervals due to external shocks‚ such as extreme weather‚ structural changes to the economic system‚ geopolitical events‚ or technology development. The confidence intervals increase in width throughout the forecast period due to the increasing level of uncertainty in each subsequent year. The upper and lower bounds were based
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Measurement Scales If a researcher is going to use statistics properly‚ it is crucial to consider the kind of data about which descriptive statistics are to be calculated or to which will be applied some kind of statistical test. Statistical analysis‚ even simple analysis as counting‚ requires that each characteristic to be studied be assigned a unique value. Sometimes‚ especially in qualitative research with small samples‚ this value can be a word or symbol. For example‚ the interviewers could
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Aggregation: Determine the lowest level at which observations are independent and then average scores of both the causal and outcome measures at that level. For instance‚ if children are nested in classrooms‚ which are nested in schools‚ make school the unit of analysis. Child is the lowest level and school is the highest level. If there are no school or classroom effect‚ then child would be the unit of analysis. If there were no school effects‚ but there were classroom effects‚ then classroom
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malfunction. The problem is to compute the 95% confidence interval on π‚ the proportion that malfunction in the population. Solution: The value of p is 12/40 = 0.30. The estimated value of σp is = 0.072. A z table can be used to determine that the z for a 95% confidence interval is 1.96. The limits of the confidence interval are therefore: Lower limit = .30 - (1.96)(0.072) = .16 Upper limit = .30 + (1.96)(0.072) = .44. The confidence interval is: 0.16 ≤ π ≤ .44. Q2. A manager at a power
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Ordinal utility theory:- it argues that a consumer cannot measure satisfaction numerically or subjectively instead she can rank the different baskets or bundles so as to choose the best basket. and theories of utility Utility is usefulness‚ the ability of something to satisfy needs or wants.[1] Utility is an important concept in economics and game theory‚ because it represents satisfaction experienced by the consumer of a commodity or a "good". Not coincidently‚ a good is something that satisfies
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Confidence Intervals have numerous applications for professional activities. Confidence Intervals have a wide use in defining the outcome of a particular question. The use of confidence levels are used commonly in Health‚ Business‚ Politics and Engineering venues. There are three examples that will be recognized as having real world applications regarding confidence intervals. An Empirical Test of the Black-Scholes (BS) Option pricing model exhibited the use of a confidence interval approach.
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relatively few pure interval scales found in business research. Almost all text discussions of this scale refer to the example of temperature scales. However‚ some attitude scales such as the Likert and Semantic Differential‚ are claimed to approach interval characteristics. In addition‚ approximate interval scales can be developed from paired comparisons and rank orders of objects. A. Store customers Nominal - Group them by race‚ ethnic background‚ married or single status‚ etc. Ordinal - Rank them
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