(1) * Packet switching * Circuit switching * Virtual Circuit switching * Message switching BY: JIHAD MOHAMMED SIDDIG 27/2/2013 Packet switching in networks Packet switching is used to optimize the use of the channel capacity available in digital telecommunication networks such as computer networks‚ to minimize the transmission latency (the time it takes for data to pass across the network)‚ and to increase robustness of communication Circuit switching in networks is a
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• Networking Modes: connection-oriented; connectionless • Switching Modes: circuit switching; packet switching Networking Modes Connection-Oriented: connection is established before information transfer occurs. All information from source follows the same path to the destination. The line is disconnected after the transmission is complete. No delay in transmission since the path is predetermined. NWs operate in circuit switching: Example: PSTN‚ SDH/SONET‚ DWDM; packet-switched NWs: X
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telephone network. T F 11. Compression refers to the ability of a number of devices to share a transmission facility. T F 12. The basic building block of any communications facility is the transmission line. T F 13. Developing switching systems with the capacity and rapid response to support the demand requirements with the increased use of fiber optic transmission is no longer a challenge. T F 14. Frame relay networks are commonly used for terminal-to-
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approach: v use Internet as example net‚ physical media q network core: packet/circuit switching‚ Internet structure q performance: loss‚ delay‚ throughput q security q protocol layers‚ service models q history Introduction 1-3 Chapter 1: roadmap 1.1 What is the Internet? 1.2 Network edge q end systems‚ access networks‚ links 1.3 Network core q circuit switching‚ packet switching‚ network structure 1.4 Delay‚ loss and throughput in packet-switched networks 1.5 Protocol
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of the networks and further to implement R&D research to bring out their sparks in this modern era. The differences are done on the following Index terms: Background difference‚ definitions‚ technologies progress‚ speed/ rate of transmission‚ switching technologies used‚ network‚ band width‚ design specification‚ QoS‚ service and billing‚ features and capabilities. Keywords: RAN‚ NETWORK‚SGSN SONET‚ UTRAN‚ FLASH OFDM‚ CORE 1. Introduction: 3G is also called third generation
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be able to withstand the treats posed by these five forces Analysis of the threat of new entrants to BP or Petroleum Industry According to porter the key barriers to entry are economies of scale capital expenditure requirements ‚ customer switching costs ‚ access to industry distribution channels ‚ and the threat of retaliation by the existing Industry players . Considering these factors for the Petroleum Industry the economies of scale is very high because of its capital-intensive nature of
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as Reynolds Metal integrated into aluminum cans. Conclusion: aluminum producers can exert a good deal of bargaining power over metal can manufacturers. Bargaining power of customers: 1. The products are indifferent‚ so buyers face no switching cost. 2. Buyer are very large and become more and more concentrated through consolidation 3. Buyers buy in large quantities and keep relationship with more than one can suppliers. 4. Buyer can post the threat of backward integration
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Habib Jewels (Yeong‚ 2013). Ultimately‚ the industry will become stagnant and thus they compete by taking market share away and create price wars among themselves as the fixed costs are increasingly high. Additionally‚ as the industry rises‚ the switching costs and degrees of differentiation get
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CONTACT AND BILINGUALISM QUSTION : EXPLAIN THE VALUE OF CODE SWITCHING AMONG BILINGUALS IN TRANSACTION DUE DATE : 6th MAY 2013 In linguistics‚ code switching is changing between two or more languages‚ or language varieties‚ in the context of a single conversation. Multilinguals sometimes use elements of multiple languages in conversing with each other. Thus‚ code-switching is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with
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Relocating has become more frequent. Better job opportunities may tempt us to move across town or the country. Moving is a way of life in the military. Whatever the reason‚ you will need to research the new location. Deciding to relocate is a concern because it is time-consuming‚ stressful and expensive. "Join the Navy. See the World." It is not an official slogan‚ but it says a lot . Today’s world is fast-paced and competitive. Job advancement‚ elderly parents‚ better schools‚ marriage‚ and
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