EMBA 8500 #1 Book value of debt Book value of equity Market value of debt Market value of equity Pretax cost of debt After Tax cost of debt rd Market value weights of: Wd Debt We Equity bL Levered beta Rf Risk-free Rate Market Premium RM Ke Cost of equity WACC EBIT - Taxes (34%) EBIAT + Depreciation - Capital expense Change in Net Working Capital Free Cash Flow Value of Assets ( FCF/WACC) CASE # 31 0% Debt 100% Equity $ $ 20‚000 $ $ 20‚000 7.0% 4.62%
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1. What are the benefits of debt for UST? How do you calculate the value of these benefits? Use a corporate tax rate of 38% to value the tax shields. The benefits of debt to UST are to create an interest tax shield. The interest tax shield directly increases the cash flows paid to equity investors. The present value of that interest tax shield increases the market value of UST as a leveraged firm vs. an unleveraged one‚ if they choose to recapitalize. The value of these benefits is calculated
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that the primary business risks associated with UST Inc. include but are not limited to: litigation‚ poor diversification of product lines‚ resignation of two key executives‚ lack of innovation and timeliness of new products‚ and erosion of market share due to competitors. Aside from the risks‚ UST has several key attributes that set them apart from other companies. UST continues to be a top company relative to the smokeless tobacco industry and other industries in terms of profitability and has
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The historical federal spending of the government has already done significant damage to America; spending habits have increased the federal budget deficit at alarming rates adding $2.7 trillion to the national debt in two years‚ $1.4 trillion in the 2009 fiscal year and $1.3 trillion in 2010. (Montgomery) These deficits are largely caused by increases in spending rates. The current Obama Administration has used the recession in their favor to expand both the government and spending. America
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1. Assess the business and financial risks of UST Business risks are relatively low: Main risk is that UST has undiversified business‚ it basically relies on one product However its main product is noncyclical‚ it carries little systematic risk Imminent increase in excise tax on smokeless tobacco (however‚ tobacco demand is considerably inelastic) It is the (sub)industry leader (market share >85%)‚ industry is an oligopoly which implies high barriers for potential competitors to enter the market
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1. What are the primary business risks associated with UST Inc.? What are the attributes of UST Inc.? Evaluate from the viewpoint of credit analyst or bond holder. UST Inc. is a smokeless tobacco company with a long tradition and a recognizable brand name. A strong brand name can have lots of associations with high quality‚ revenues‚ soundness‚ growth‚ etc. But‚ this is one of the characteristics that can be like two edged sward. On one side‚ company with long tradition is expected to
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Deena Shalab@16457 Reem Hani Arab @16185 CASE 4 An Introduction to Debt Policy and Value 1 (Table format and content from case) 0% debt/100% equity 25%debt/75% equity 50%debt/50% equity BV of debt 0 $2‚500 $5‚000 BV of equity $10‚000 $7‚500 $5‚000 MV of debt 0 $2‚500 $5‚000 MV of equity $10‚000 $8‚350 $6‚700 Pretax cost of debt 0.07 0.07 0.07 After-tax cost of debt 0.0462 0.0462 0.0462 Market Weight of Debt 0 0.23 0.43 Market Weight of Equity 1.0 0.77 0.57 Un-levered Beta 0.8
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| Group Assignment 1 | UST Case Study | 2/19/2013 | | | | Question 1: In order to calculate the impact of the leverage recapitalization on UST’s value‚ we used the WACC and APV methods to calculate its value before and after the recapitalization. WACC Method Using the WACC method‚ we first derived UST’s return on assets (rA). Since we are given the firm’s market capitalization‚ debt and cash‚ we calculated the current Enterprive Value of UST. We were then able to derive
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Does Borrowing Create Value? If so‚ for whom? If not‚ then why do so many executives concern themselves with leverage? It depends; Borrowing creates value if the company borrows at the optimal amount of debt or less. If the company borrows more than the optimal amount of debt‚ then borrowing will destroy value. Borrowing will increase value of the firm through the tax shield that borrowing brings. Thus‚ the increase value of the firm will increase the value of equity and create value to
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“UST Inc” case study The primary business risks associated with UST are as follows: First‚ legal challenges will cause litigation expenses‚ lawsuits expenses and settlement payments‚ which will decrease the operating income and cash flow and will increase the risks of debt default. From the industry level‚ the smokeless tobacco manufactures have faced less exposure to health related lawsuits than cigarette manufactures because the scientific evidence linking smokeless tobacco to cancer is less
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