theories for an understanding of crime and deviance” (21 marks) Sociologists who favour the Marxist approach to explanations of crime concentrate on the exploitative nature of the capitalist society in which we live and how it propels individuals into a life of crime. Marxism is criticised by other theories who do not share their opinion on capitalism – this therefore means they do not share their opinion on crime and deviance. The traditional Marxist view on crime is that capitalism is a system
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Outline and assess the view that crime and deviance are socially constructed There has been a pleather of research regarding the issue of crime and deviance. A definition of crime and deviance can be explained in relative terms which are dependant on any particular society’s interpretation of crime and deviance. Cultures differ from one society to another and the general consensus of right and wrong can also evolve throughout time. Definitions of crime and deviance can evolve with factors such as
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STRUCTURES IN CAUSING CRIME AND DEVIANCE In order to assess the role of access to opportunity structures in causing crime and deviance it is important to understand what is meant by the term role of access. Role of access refers to the way in which an individual can attain the access to opportunity in society. Functionalists highlight that there are two types of access that have an impact on opportunity structures‚ some may say that these types either or are the cause of crime and deviance. There are
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usefulness of Marxist approach to an understanding of crime and deviance’ (21 marks) There are numerous Marxist theories that help us to understand crime and deviance in different ways‚ however they are all based around the same ideas. They believe capitalism causes crime in three different ways including‚ selective law enforcement‚ criminogenic capitalism and ideological nature of the law. Traditional Marxists believe that crime is inevitable in all societies because capitalism is criminogenic
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Essay question: Assess the usefulness of the labelling theory in explaining crime and deviance. (33 marks) Sociologists would define labelling as a process of attaching a definition or meaning to an individual or group. For example‚ police officers may label a youth a “trouble maker”. Agents of social control define an individual which leads to a person being labelled by those who have the power to make the label stick and therefore the individual is seen as a deviant. In his essay I will look at
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control and Deviance Social order This is where there is conformity of norms and values particular to a society allowing for cohesion among its members. Deviance and Crime Deviance: • This is any act that defies the social norms of a society which will in turn receive disapproval from that society. • Deviance can however be classified as criminal or non-criminal. • Deviance is dependent on the culture of a society and the era. • Some acts of deviance are universal. Crime: • This
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Explain why crime and deviance can be understood as normal. This essay will discuss whether it is possible to classify crime and deviance as normal in everyday social life by basing on theories of Emile Durkheim‚ Robert Merton and Marxist criminologists. However‚ to in order to do this‚ one should first comprehend the essence of both concepts. It is important to be aware that crime is only a form of deviance that is simply more defined and regulated. Deviance‚ in a sense‚ is essentially rule-breaking
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Social deviance is a term that refers to forms of behavior and qualities of persons that others in society devalue and discredit. So what exactly is deviance? In this essay we are concerned with social deviance‚ not physiological deviations from the expected norm. In general‚ any behavior that does not conform to social norms is deviance; that is behavior that violates significant social norms and is disapproved of by a large number of people as a result. For societies to run with some semblance
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A) WHAT IS DEVIANCE? o Def: Behavior‚ beliefs or conditions that violate significant norms in society‚ or the group in which it occurs. o Behavior-Belief-Condition o Based on “beliefs” or “deviation from the mean” o Crime is not necessarily a deviant (speeding) o Deviance is not necessarily a crime (assisting drowning). 1) Who defines deviance? NOT inherent in specific behavior or person. SOCIALLY-defined and relative to the situation. CRIME- a violation of criminal law-punished by the CJ
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Psychological Approaches to Crime I was interested in assessing two different approaches to the important issue of crime in society. The articles I chose seek to find different causes to crime via psychological and biological approaches respectively. In this essay I will summarise and analyse both articles and explain how they can be useful in the prevention of crime. For my first journal article I looked at ‘A Psychological Approach to Deterrence: The Evaluation of Crime Opportunities’ By John S
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