hazard groups: tectonic hazards (geophysical) and hydro-meteorological hazards. This means they are likely to be where plate boundaries intersect with major storm belts and they are also in areas of high human concentration in low or medium developed countries because this effects whether or not the country will be prepared thoroughly enough and whether it can recover quickly. The Philippines lies on a boundary between the Philippine and Eurasian tectonic plates‚ whereby the Eurasian plate is sub ducted
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The causes of tectonic plate movement and how different processes have shaped New Zealand’s landforms occur nearly every single day. In fact one of these processes is happening right now‚ somewhere on the Earth. The 3 major processes are folding‚ faulting and volcanism. While these take place‚ another “force” is also acting‚ changing the shape of our continents‚ and Earth itself‚ the tectonic plate movement. Earth’s outer shell‚ long thought to be a continuous‚ unbroken‚ crust is actually a fluid
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The Earth consists of four concentric layers: inner core‚ outer core‚ mantle . mantle: ]. The crust is made up of tectonic plates [tectonic plates: Large areas of the Earth’s crust that move slowly on the upper part of the mantle‚ often colliding and moving away from each other. ]‚ which are in constant motion. Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely to occur at plate boundaries. 1.1 The structure of the Earth The Earth is made up of four distinct layers: 1. The inner core is in the centre
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An Introduction to Structural Geology Introduction Structural geology is the study of the features formed by geological processes. Features include faults‚ folds and dipping strata. Geologists can work out the order of events and see which events are related by taking fairly simple measurements and using simple methods. Measurements and Techniques The most obvious thing to do when trying to decipher the structural history of a formation is to describe it. One way of doing this is to measure the dip and strike
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Tectonics and Continental Drift Past and Present Locations Abstract When we look at our earth’s surface now it has seven continents‚ and five of them are divided by the oceans that surround them. In 1912 Alfred Wegner (1880-1930)‚ came up with a theory called the continental drift; stating that over three hundred years ago all seven continents were once one super continent called Pangaea. Wegner tried to convince other scientists and geologist for many years that the continents
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Plate tectonics help us to explain the process of folding. According to the theory of plate tectonics‚ the earth’s crust is broken up into sections called plates. These plates float on the semi-molten mantle. Thermal convection currents in the mantle drag these plates in different directions resulting in tectonic activity. Folding occurs when rock layers that were originally horizontal are bent into a series of wave-like folds. As a result of this collision of the earth’s tectonic plates‚ the
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MAJOR FAULT LINES The Philippine Sea Plate or Philippine Plate is a tectonic plate comprising oceanic lithosphere that lies beneath the Philippine Sea‚ to the east of the Philippines. Most segments of the Philippines‚ including northern Luzon‚ are part of the Philippine Mobile Belt‚ which is geologically and tectonically separate from the Philippine Sea Plate. The North American Plate is a tectonic plate covering most of North America‚ Greenland‚ Cuba‚ Bahamas‚ and parts ofIceland and the Azores
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of natural processes that lead to the formation and transformation of igneous‚ sedimentary‚ and metamorphic rocks. The rock cycle shows that each type of rock can change in a certain way to form another. The driving force of the rock cycle is plate tectonics. The transition to igneous is when rocks are pushed deep under the earth’s surface and may melt into magma‚ if there is no condition for the magma to stay in a liquid state‚ it will cool and solidify into an igneous rock. The three main types
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relief elements on the solid surface of the earth and briefly explain their deposition in relation to the plate tectonics concept. Have you ever wondered where mountains come from‚ why there is a sea floor‚ island arcs or even volcano and what plate tectonic have to do with this? Well worry no more as all your question on the earth’s surfaced topographic relief elements and plate tectonics are about to be answered. The first question that might come to mind is what is a relief? A relief is a land
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Introduction The Caledonian orogeny happened during the late Silurian to early Devonian periods. This was due to the westward subduction of Baltican plate beneath the Laurentian margin. The continent to continent orogeny resulted in a over thickened crust. During the Palezoic orogeny several different processes were at work simultaneously‚ which included erosion‚ plate divergence‚ gravity driven collapse of the orogenic wedge‚ and viscous flow of the lower crust. The double set of extensional shear zones
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