Databases are important to businesses for several reasons. To boost operations they use communications‚ web‚ and database technologies. Databases are key in all functions relating to information storage and retrieval‚ and assists with marketing‚ customers service‚ financials‚ and logistics. They are also essential in the creation and maintenance of records for continuous usage and to generate reports from this information. For example‚ a company could store all customer information and ordering
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DATABASE One of the technology terms that most people have become accustomed to hearing either at work or while surfing the Internet is the database. The database used to be an extremely technical term‚ however with the rise of computer systems and information technology throughout our culture‚ the database has become a household term. A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. In order for a database to be truly functional‚ it must not only store
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There are four different types of database-system users‚ differentiated by the way they expect to interact with the system. Different types of user interfaces have been designed for the different types of users. Naive users are unsophisticated users who interact with the system by invoking one of the application programs that have been written previously. For example‚ a bank teller who needs to transfer $50 from account A to account B invokes a program called transfer. This program asks the
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functionalities. The tour operator seeks a database management specialist to assist them in leveraging their data sources to enable them to forecast and project tour sales appropriately. Imagine that you have been hired to fulfill their need of enhancing the data repository for their current reservation processing system. Upon reviewing the system‚ you find that the data structure holds redundant data and that this structure lacks normalization. The database has the following characteristics:
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Database Environment Paper DBM-380 November 18‚ 2012 Introduction A database defines a structure for storing information and it collects information that is organized in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of data. A database can also be thought of as an electronic filing system. Data and information are extracted from a database by creating a query and then submitting it to the query database management system (DBMS) and it is posed in a language that
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Database Design Paper “A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. In order for a database to be truly functional‚ it must not only store large amounts of records well‚ but be accessed easily. In addition‚ new information and changes should also be fairly easy to input.” (tech-faq.com); to ensure usefulness over the long-term‚ databases should be built with high data integrity and the ability to recover data if the hardware fails. Information that
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Relational Database Design By Paul Litwin This paper was part of a presentation at a Microsoft TechEd conference in the mid-1990s. It was adapted from Microsoft Access 2 Developer’s Handbook‚ Sybex 1994‚ by Ken Getz‚ Paul Litwin and Greg Reddick. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. While the paper uses Microsoft Access (version 2) for the examples‚ the vast majority of the discussion applies to any database and holds up pretty well over 11 years after it was written. Overview Database design
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NORMALIZATION OF DATABASE NORMALIZATION- is the process for evaluating and correcting table structures to minimize data redundancies‚ thereby‚ reducing the livelihood of data anomalies. The normalization process involves assigning attributes to tables based on the concept of determination. Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms. 3 Stages of Normalization 1. 1NF or FIRST NORMALIZATION FORM 2. 2NF or SECOND NORMALIZATION FORM 3. 3NF or THIRED NORMALIZATION
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Database Design Scenario Currently a school uses a non-computerised database system to store the following information about its students: roll class‚ surname‚ first name‚ guardian ’s name‚ address‚ student ’s date of birth‚ gender‚ sport house‚ emergency-contact telephone number‚ mailing name‚ list of subjects offered‚ and subjects in which the student is enrolled. The system takes up a large amount of space‚ has many duplicated entries some of these with mistakes and it is time consuming
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Normalization Normalization is a method for organizing data elements in a database into tables. Normalization Avoids • Duplication of Data – The same data is listed in multiple lines of the database • Insert Anomaly – A record about an entity cannot be inserted into the table without first inserting information about another entity – Cannot enter a customer without a sales order • Delete Anomaly – A record cannot be deleted without deleting a record about a related entity.
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