1. There are many criticisms about budget‚ but using budget can increase sales‚ decentralize and empower to lower level. According to the reading articles‚ budgetary can replace the fixed performance target with openness and transparency. And also management can give employees more freedom to manage. For example‚ Musimundo did not have budget before 2004. After 2004‚ it had established budget system. The budget was separated in two ways which were bottom-up and top-down. Employees who are at the
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father of “Modern Portfolio theory”‚ developed the mean-variance analysis‚ which focuses on creating portfolios of assets that minimizes the variance of returns i.e. risk‚ given a level of desired return‚ or maximizes the returns given a level of risk tolerance. This theory aids the process of portfolio construction by providing a quantitative take on it. It integrates the field of quantitative analysis with portfolio management. Mean variance analysis has found wide applications both inside and outside
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performance that not shows the positive performance of the company in the financial results. The issue is related on how Mr. Tan have to do in order to show that the company is still in a good performance. There is also an issue regarding to their supplier‚ Pingdingshan that supply a low quality coal but in a higher price than the prior year. Therefore‚ in our case study‚ we conclude that we need to do a variance analysis to better understand the plant performance compared to the previous year. The
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DATE : November 9‚ 2012 ATTENTION : MS. AURORA O. ALGODON President/CEO MAHARLIKA TRIBE MONARCH FOUNDATION‚ INC. Carmen‚ Davao City RE : Interim Memorandum of Agreement of Proposed Budget for Radio‚ Newspaper and TV FROM : MR. JOSEPH T. LAGUA Founding Chairman People’s Network and Media Communications ------------------------------------------------- (PNMC) I. COMPANY: Our entity‚ People’s Network and Media Communications (PNMC) is a media organization that
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Question: Budget acts as planning and monitoring tools. Critically evaluate. A budget is a financial plan for the future concerning the revenues and costs of a business. However‚ a budget is about much more than just financial numbers. Without a budget‚ the business owner is literally shooting in the dark when it comes to trying to plan expenditures for the business and match them to sales revenue. Budget is not only a plan of action for a business; it is also a tool for monitoring performance
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I am doing well. How can I help you? Well Caroline‚ I wanted to discuss with you the results of your Dept 1880 Retail Marketing‚ budget variance vs. actual for Jun 2011. Sure‚ Let me get my notes out that I had submitted to your group. I emailed you a copy as well with your comments for this review. Did you receive it? Yes‚ I did Ok‚ there were 3 main categories where the variance between actual and budget were the highest. Those categories are Compensation‚ Marketing‚ IT‚ and then we put everything
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Meaning and Need for Budget Everyone is familiar with the idea of a budget because it is essential in every walk of our life – national‚ domestic and business. A budget is prepared to have effective utilisation of funds and for the realisation of objectives as efficiently as possible. Budgeting is a powerful tool to the management for performing its functions (i.e.‚ formulating plans‚ coordinating activities and controlling operations etc.) efficiently. CIMA London defines budget as‚ “A plan quantified
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5 Reasons Why You Dream Biology 2 Cedrick Russell 9-4-14 In the section compensation it talks about a famed psychologist‚ by the name of Carl Jung.He believed that even our most fanciful dreams are methods of compensation for events that occur in our lives. Also it’s saying that if someone successful dreams it’s a chance that their dream will be about being unsuccessfull. Coping Mechanism is relating dreams to emotions. Also it is saying that dreams reflect your inner feelings. Then it
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including goodwill‚ patents and trademarks. Read more: What Is the Difference Between an Asset & an Expense? | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/info_12085244_difference-between-asset-expense.html#ixzz2Lt18CKe5 2 What is an Expense? Expenses are costs related to running the business. Expenses are deducted from revenue to determine the profitability of a company. Typically‚ the largest expense for a company is cost of goods sold -- raw materials‚ direct labor and other costs related to manufacturing
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attained when good plans are married with effective control systems. Most organizations conduct their planning and control processes through implementation of budgetary control system. Budgetary control system is the system of using budgets as a means of planning and controlling all aspects of producing or selling commodities and services (By J.Batty) An organization will never lose direction and means of measuring performance if it will implement the
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