Ethical relativism is a view on morality stating that there are no universally accepted moral principles. Morality varies from one culture to another and no society has the right to impose their view of morality on other societies. Ethical relativism can be summed up to mean that morals are derived from what is culturally acceptable in any given society. ER is made up of two theses. The first is the diversity thesis‚ which simply says that moral practices are diverse across cultures. Ruth Benedict
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Traditional Ethical Theories Consequentialist (teleological) Non- Consequentialist (deontological) - Act in the way that brings about the best consequences - Concentrate on the act being perform Egoism (outcome: desirability) Kant (ethics of duties) Nature: Nature: act accordingly to self-interest based on desires free (Adam Smith) Example: Correct if morals actors think it is correct (rational/logical/reasonable) not depends on situations Categorical imperative- right
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individual values. You may disagree with someone and believe your view is superior‚ relative to you as an individual; more often‚ relativism is described in terms of the values of the community in which one lives. The view of ethical relativism regards values as determined by one’s own ethical standards‚ often those provided by one’s own culture and background. Rather than insisting that there are moral absolutes‚ moral claims must be interpreted in terms of how they reflect a person’s viewpoint; moral claims
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present some clear ethical issues. First‚ looking at Aristotle’s principle of “virtue ethics‚” it must be determined whether the actions made by J.C. Penny are just‚ or fair‚ to their customers. Clearly‚ it is unfair for a company to deceive their customers into believing they received better deals then they actually did‚ and based on that analysis‚ Aristotle would have most definitely concluded the behavior of J.C. Penny to be unethical. Further‚ considering Immanuel Kant’s theory of the “categorical
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Consequentialist a.i. An ethical theory that claims that the rightness and wrongness of human action is exclusively a function of the goodness and badness of the consequences resulting directly from that action. b. Deontological b.i. The rightness and wrongness of human actions is not exclusively a function of the goodness and badness of consequences c. Act-Utilitarianism c.i. A person ought to act so as to produce the greatest balance of good over evil‚ everyone considered. (contract w/ ethical egoism a
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Modern Ethical Theories Psychological Egoism vs. Ethical Egoism When we discuss modern ethics there are two theories that emerge above all others and although both are supported they are often controversial in nature. Ethical Egoism states that we should put ourselves and our interests before those of others leading to the conclusion that if we do things that are only in our own self interest then we have achieved morality. Psychological Egoism presumes that we always put ourselves and our interests
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Applying an Ethical Theory Amanda Thorn PHI 208 Prof. Emilia Sorensen November 17‚ 2014 The long debated question of the importance of men and women and their roles has raged on for years. Should men and women be treated equally‚ that truly is the question that seems to have more answers than resolution. Applying the question to Deontology and the work of Immanuel Kant‚ the answer would be all people regardless of gender should be treated equally. However‚ these theories do not take
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Financial Economics 46‚ 199–221. Conrad‚ J. and G. Kaul‚ 1993. Long-term market overreaction or biases in computed returns? Journal of Finance 48‚ 39–63. Contractor‚ F.‚ 1990. Contractual and cooperative forms of international business: Towards a unified theory of modal choice‚ Management International Review 30‚ 31–54. Cornett‚ M. and H. Tehranian‚ 1992. Changes in corporate performance associated with bank acquisitions‚ Journal of Financial Economics 31‚ 211–234. Cummins‚ J.‚ S. Tennyson‚ and M. Weiss
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whether it took place hundreds of years ago. Stealing is just one of those things which is universally wrong and knows that even if they don’t obey the rules. Strengths Weaknesses . It provides a fixed ethical code to judge actions with . Clear guidelines of behaviour. . Absolutism enables us to have a UN Declaration of human rights . Equality- same rules apply to everyone. . Life contains many situations which people instinctively take an absolutist
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the necessary means for living on the belief that providing these services are for the betterment of society and its people’s well-being. One legal theory that exemplify how our government are structured is explained by deontology which is an ethic by which focuses on actions which are guided by moral obligations‚ while consequentialist ethic have based itself on the principle of‚ if the goal is morally correct then any means to achieving it are acceptable. In an essence both
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