Distinguish between operant conditioning‚ classical conditioning‚ and social learning. How are these different kinds of learning utilized in the work place? Give specific examples for each one. Classic conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes paired with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response. The most famous example of this is the experiment performed by Pavlov. However‚ many people experience this effect every day at work. When someone cooks something in the microwave
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instrumental (operant) conditioning they tend to immediately think of the "Skinner-Box". Skinner conducted classic experiments where he trained rats and pigeons to press a lever in order to obtain a food reward. The experimenter would choose a suited output to pair it with a consequence. After a training period‚ the animals would show the behavior (BH‚ e.g. pressing the lever) even in absence of any reward‚ if the BH-US association had been memorized. Instrumental conditioning differs from classical
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CLASSICAL CONDITIONING THEORY Classical Conditioning is the type of learning made famous by Pavlov’s experiments with dogs. The gist of the experiment is this: Pavlov presented dogs with food‚ and measured their salivary response (how much they drooled). Then he began ringing a bell just before presenting the food. At first‚ the dogs did not begin salivating until the food was presented. After a while‚ however‚ the dogs began to salivate when the sound of the bell was presented. They learned to
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from the effects of the environments according to behaviorists. Behaviorism is associated with how environmental factors affect observable behavior and what people learn from the environment later on in life. Classical conditioning is sometimes referred as CC. Classical conditioning involves learning by association. It contains a neutral stimulus‚ which is a stimulus that does not evoke the reflex to be conditioned. However‚ it could evoke other reflexes. After neutral stimulus‚ there is unconditioned
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Florida Sahay Professor Griffin Psychology 1101 Fall 2009 The Conditioning Process It was raining when Sarah was driving home from work. Both she and the driver of the car in front of her were speeding. The car in front of her had immediately braked. There was not enough distance between that car and her own car to safely slow to a stop‚ so she had quickly switched lanes to avoid a car accident. Instead‚ the slick pavement caused her car to swerve out of control. When her car finally
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behaviours UCR: happiness and relaxation CS: the smell of her perfume CR: happiness and relaxation Identifying Classical Conditioning Processes 1. generalization 2. extinction 3. discrimination 4. generalization 5. discrimination 6. extinction and spontaneous recovery 7. extinction Classical and Operant Conditioning 1. trembling (CC); running (OC) 2. drooling (CC); racing (OC) 3. foot dragging (OC); whimpering uncontrollably (CC) 4
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Psychology 102 – Midterm Essay Midterm Essay Herbert Joseph Psychology 102 The classical conditioning approach is an associative learning approach that played a major role in the development of the science of psychology. Classical conditioning can also be referred to as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning. The process begins with a stimulus in the environment‚ the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)‚ which produces a natural behavior‚ the unconditioned response (UCR) in an organism. For example
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Classical Conditioning is the combining unconditioned stimulus with neutral stimulus and seeing the subject of the study learn to associate the NS with the UCS and thus resulting in a conditioned reaction to neutral stimulus which in turn becomes a conditioned stimulus (Kentridge‚ 1995). Comparison and limitations of Pavlov and Skinners theories Whilst Skinner and Pavlov’s work is similar in that they both study the way a person or animal learns‚ they differ in approaches. Classical conditioning is
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Traditionally Classical conditioning is a powerful and widely utilised form of learning best associated with Ivan Pavlov (Mcsweeny‚ 2004). The basic Pavilion model of behaviour proposes‚ learning is largely an associative process and most behaviour is conditioned by reward and punishment. The model discusses the presentation of two or more events defined experimentally through a distinct sequential relationship which occur in complete sequence‚ over a short period of time. This sequence becomes fused
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March 18‚ 2013 Classical vs. Operant Conditioning Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are different learning methods. The two methods have the word conditioning in common. What is conditioning? Conditioning is the acquisition of specific patterns of behavior in the presence of well-defined stimuli. Both classical and operant conditionings are basic forms of learning. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which an organism learns to transfer a natural response from one stimulus
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