The Vatican. Established in 1929‚ The Vatican is landlocked within the walls of Southern Europe‚ and is an enclave of Rome and is the last remnant of the Papal States; a group of territories in central Italy attained over the centuries by the Catholic Church and governed by the pope. (Vatican: The Holy See) It rests on a small hill in northwestern Rome on the west bank of the Tiber River. The little state is shaped roughly like a triangle and is enclosed by a high stone wall. (Scott) Three gates give
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By the 16th century‚ the Roman Catholic Church ’s corruption was beginning to spread. Simony‚ or the buying of church offices‚ was common along with pluralism which was the appointment of multiple bishops in multiple areas. Tithing had become mandatory to support the church ’s bloated clergy‚ yet it was the poorly paid servents who did the priest ’s duties. Meanwhile due to the invention of the printing press‚ common people were reading doctrine for themselves. All these factors sparked a major discontent
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There are two important events that become bookends of the era‚ acting as the beginning and ending‚ chronologically. The first is the posting of Martin Luther’s “Ninety Five Theses”‚ his protest against the indulgence system of the Roman Catholic Church‚ in 1517. The second in 1648‚ is the Peace of Westphalia‚ a set of treaties that solidify the end of both the Eighty Years’ War and the Thirty Years’ War‚ ending the domestic disruptions caused by the political and religious movement. From the
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The Reformation was the 16th century religious‚ political‚ and cultural chaos that separated Europe. Reformers like Martin Luther‚ John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s. Martin Luther‚ for example‚ disagreed with the Catholic Church that over the doctrines allowed the selling of indulgences. Ninety-five theses furthered the ideology of the Reformation by questioning authority. Henry VIII reasons came from his desire to marry Anne Boleyn. These men argued
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Queen Isabella. It was meant to seek out non-catholics in Spain‚ because Ferdidand and Isabella wanted religious‚ and subsequently political unity in their country. Their first goal to begin the Inquisition was to appoint inquisitors over each region throughout Spain‚ to figure out who was Catholic‚ and who was not. In 1478‚ Ferdinand and Isabella received the reluctant permission of Pope Sixtus IV to appoint inquisitors‚ who began seeking out non-catholics. This Inquisition began in 1478‚ and continued
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Nikoloz Burnadze Western Traditions 2/22/2013 Power of Church From the beginning of times‚ humanity was organized in small groups ruled by some authority. Small groups grew into the tribes‚ tribes into villages‚ villages into the countries. In the sixteenth century Europe Catholic Church and pope was the ultimate authority‚ world view‚ science and most importantly politics was based on Catholic church. Towards the eighteenth century even though religion was still huge part of European society
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religion as it would take the lead to provide the one true God. Catholicism had the true representative of God on earth in the form of the Pope. The Catholic church for the first time would tolerate the co-mingling of other religions as long as they followed along with Catholic tradition. When the explorers arrived in the New World the Catholic Church was first and foremost willing to take over whatever land was "conquered" for God. With most new territories being gobbled up between Spain and Portugal
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Christianity because not only was there a review of old legislation by reflecting on‚ and deciding if the rulings were still valid‚ it also affirmed that the Roman Catholic Church was irrefutably divided. The East-West Schism was the division of the Catholic Church into what would become the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. Although it did not occur until 1053‚ the issue of a schism became a possibility when the Roman Empire was divided in 293 CE and was all but solidified as an
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During the 13th and through to the 14th century catholic church authorities turned their focus to creating a united religiously bound civilization‚ acting only upon the fundamental principles of Christianity. The 14th century church enforced religious unity through the inquisition‚ and was mostly successful in doing so. The author Christine Caldwell Ames1 showed that the church used the inquisition as a force to create a cohesive religious civilization during the 13th and 14th century
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success of the Catholic Reformation (Counter Reformation) in the sixteenth century. In the early 16th century the Protestant Reformation had happened and made the popularity of Catholicism to decline. In response to the Protestant Reformation the Catholic Reformation was issued to reestablish the power and popularity of Catholicism and the Roman Catholic church. The Catholic Reformation created new societies‚ while fixing problems of the Roman Catholic church. Through the Catholic Reformation
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