[pic] Learning Objectives: ← To understand the meaning of standard costing‚ its meaning and definition ← To learn its advantages and limitations ← To learn how to set of standards and determinations ← To learn how to revise standards Introduction: Standard costing is a very practical and therefore widely used costing system‚ in businesses that make a range of products which‚ although different‚ pass through standard and repetitive processes and machinery. Standard cost is the
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BAYERO UNIVERSITY‚ KANO SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES‚ FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES A case study of Activity Based Costing in Lagos State Healthcare By POPOOLA‚ OLUWATOYIN MUSEDIKU JOHNSON Course Facilitator: Professor Kabiru Isa Dandago Being a paper presented in the M.Sc. Accounting Programme‚ Department of Accounting‚ Bayero University‚ Kano-Nigeria December 15‚ 2009 Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the healthcare systems‚ in particular the blood transfusion
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Article 32 TARGET COSTING FOR NEW-PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: PRODUCTLEVEL TARGET COSTING Robin Cooper and Regine Slagmulder Editors’ Note: This article is an updated synthesis of in-depth explorations contained in Target Costing and Value Engineering‚ by Robin Cooper and Regine Slagmulder (Portland‚ Oregon: Productivity Press‚ 1997). Part two of the series discusses product-level target costing; part three‚ to be featured in an upcoming issue‚ will address component-level target costing. tomers. Consequently
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2.4 Problems face in implementing Activity Based Costing During the process of implementing the ABC in one firm may face a lot of problems such as technical factor and behavioral factor. As for behavioral factor‚ the implementation of ABC may cause the employee job to be duplicated due to the differences between ABC and GAAP system that need separate operation. This may lead to the unsatisfied behavior of the employee that need to work more as the ABC is implied‚ this will also cause the decrease
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Kaizen Costing What is Kaizen costing? Kaizen is a Japanese term that means continuous improvement. Kaizen events can be defined as making improvements through a process that emphasize small incremental amounts rather than large or radical improvement. Therefore in order to achieve this kaizen costing not include only continuous cost reduction but also continuous improvement of performance by increase the efficiency throughout the process. Why we need Kaizen costing? Market prices of a product
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Uniform Costing and Inter Firm Comparison UNIFORM COSTING Uniform Costing is not a distinct method of costing. In fact‚ when several undertakings start using the same costing principles and/or practices they are said to be following uniform costing. The basic idea behind uniform costing is that the different concerns in an industry should adopt a common method of costing and apply uniformly the same principles and techniques for better cost comparison and common good. The principles and methods
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Marginal Costing Marginal cost is the increase in the total cost when the total quantity produced increases by one unit. That is‚ it is the cost of producing one more unit of a good. Generally‚ marginal cost at each level of production is the additional costs required to produce the next unit. For example‚ if producing additional computers requires building a new factory‚ the marginal cost of the extra computers includes the cost of the new factory. In practice‚ this analysis is divided into
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full cost pricing policy. The discussion centred around the traditional method currently in use‚ compared and contrasted with ABC‚ Activity Based Costing a technique which re-examines the problem that has faced accountants for decades – that of allocation and absorption of overhead. Traditional pricing method has been based upon absorption costing and the treatment of overhead usually followed a set procedure. • Cost centres are identified and established within the organisation. • Cost
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MARGINAL COSTING Introduction Even a school-going student knows that profit is a balancing figure of sales over costs‚ i.e. Sales - Cost = Profit. This knowledge is not sufficient for management for discharging the functions of planning and control‚ etc. The cost is further divided according to its behavior‚ i.e.‚ fixed cost and variable cost. The age-old equation can be written as: Sales - Cost = Profit or Sales - (Fixed cost + Variable Cost) = Profit. The relevance of segregating costs
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Job Title Description Skills Required (list at least five skills‚ three of which are specific skills in the field of criminal justice). Why are the skills listed needed to succeed in the position? Forensic Biologist Examine blood and other bodily fluids‚ hair‚ bones‚ insects‚ plants and animal remains to help identify victims and support criminal investigators. 1. Attention to detail 2. Math skills 3. Excellent organizational and time management skills 4. Excellent writing skills 5. Excellent
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