Hypothesis testing I Kevin Soo Outline • • • • Theory and the research process What is a hypothesis? Hypothesis testing Statistical models Theory and the research process Theory • A belief – Can be true or false – P (belief) • A proposed/possible explanation for something – ‘Some students do poorly at statistics because they have less exposure to mathematics’ – ‘Women don’t date me because I’m ugly’ – ‘Manchester United lost the Premier League because they struggled with injury
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Release date: 27 April 2014 Submission date: 9 May 2014 TUTORIAL ON HYPOTHESIS TESTING (1) Basic Concept 1. State the null and alternative hypothesis for each conjecture : a. A researcher thinks that if expectant mothers use vitamin pills‚ the birth weight of the babies will increase. The average birth weight of the population is 3.0kg. b. An engineer hypothesizes that the mean number of defects can be decreased in a manufacturing process of compact disks by using robots instead of humans
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Hypothesis Testing The sole purpose of hypothesis testing is to determine whether or not research that has been collected is proved or disproved; usually allowing up to a 5% error factor. By using this 5% margin of error a researcher can consider the question of research being conducted is proven. There are five steps to be followed in doing hypotheses testing. The steps are: developing the research question‚ specifying between null and alternative hypotheses‚ calculating the statistic‚ computing
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HYPOTHESIS TESTING WHAT IS THIS HYPOTHESIS???? • In simple words it means a mere assumption or supposition to be proved of disproved. • But‚ for a researcher it is a formal question that he intends to resolve. • Example: I assume that 1) under stress and anxiety a person goes into depression. 2) It leads to aggressive behaviour. Eg. : Students who get better counselling in a university will show a greater increase in creativity than students who were not counselled. • So‚ the hypothesis
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Psychological Testing ...Its Nature and Meaning Psychological assessment is a process that involves checking the integration of information from multiple sources‚ such as tests of normal and abnormal personality‚ tests of ability or intelligence‚ tests of interests or attitudes‚ as well as information from personal interviews. Collateral information is also collected about personal‚ occupational‚ or medical history‚ such as from records or from interviews with parents‚ spouses‚ teachers‚ or
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SOFTWARE TESTING SOFTWARE TESTING Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors. TESTING PRINCIPLES All tests should be traceable to customer requirements. Tests should be planned long before testing begins. The Pareto principle applies to software testing. Stated simply‚ the Pareto principle implies that 80 percent of all errors uncovered during testing will likely be traceable to 20 percent of all program components. TESTING PRINCIPLES Testing should begin
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Engineering Classification of Software Testing Tools Based on the Software Testing Methods Khaled M. Mustafa‚ Rafa E. Al-Qutaish‚ Mohammad I. Muhairat Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan‚ Airport Street‚ Amman‚ Jordan Abstract During the software development life cycle‚ testing is highly needed to assure the quality of the software process and product. For many years‚ researchers and practitioners came-up with a variety of software tools to automate the testing process. In this paper‚ we will classify
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Software Testing Carnegie Mellon University 18-849b Dependable Embedded Systems Spring 1999 Authors: Jiantao Pan mailto:%20jpan@cmu.edu Abstract: Software testing is any activity aimed at evaluating an attribute or capability of a program or system and determining that it meets its required results. [Hetzel88] Although crucial to software quality and widely deployed by programmers and testers‚ software testing still remains an art‚ due to limited understanding of the principles of software
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student‚ such as high school graduation or grade promotion. Tests are called "standardized" when all students answer the same questions under similar conditions and their responses are scored in the same way. Research has shown that high-stakes testing causes damage to individual students and education. It is not a reasonable method for improving schools. Test-taking anxiety is common among high school and college students. The anxiety can be quite stressful and
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ISCG 8046 CLOUD COMPUTING By Samad Kolahi TESTING THE CLOUD Submitted By Sivaram Prasad ID:1427992 ABSTRACT: The software industry has been continuously facing challenges in supplying more sophisticated‚ Reliable products and computational services in a faster and more reliable way. With the development of technology our needs also developed and Data size is enormously growing from Kilo to Mega‚ Giga and
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