The cardiac electrical activity is produced and controlled by the Sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrium and the Atrioventricular (AV) node in the interatrial septum. The electrical signals move through the cardiac conduction system fibres causing the atria and ventricles to contract and relax regularly between 60-100 bpm [1].when those electrical signals are interrupted as a result of a damage in the conduction system‚ the heart rate would become irregular or would either increase resulting in
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of the electrocardiogram like polarization and depolarization waves. That the point at different direction of cardiac vector is also discussed. Further‚ the paper describes some segments of ECG waveform which can identify the segments and how ECG signal can be used to distinguish between different arrhythmias. Keywords—the ECG signals; waveform; cardiac activity; electrocardiogram; cardiac vector I. Introduction The heart is the most important organ in both human body and vertebrate animals. The
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According to this article‚ task switching is important in one’s daily life‚ but it slowly declines as one ages. The authors study the age differences in voluntary task switching (VTS) procedure and manipulate the time to prepare a task selection and the repetition of the current task. The study included 33 young adults‚ ages 18-24‚ and 10 older adults‚ ages 61-88. A computer and a serial response box was used to present the stimuli and the participants’ responses. The stimuli included digits 1 –
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Cardiac - E 1 BAPTIST HEALTH School of Nursing NSG 4017: Critical Care Nursing Nursing Management of Patients with Altered Cardiovascular Function Georgia Seward I. Anatomy and physiology review A. Layers B. Chambers C. Heart valves D. Flow of blood E. Blood supply of myocardium 1. RCA 2. L Main 3. LAD 4. Circumflex F. Cardiac cycle 1. Systole 2. Diastole G. Cardiac output and cardiac index - SV x HR. CI = CO /body surface area. 1. Preload 2. Afterload H. Cardiac pressures p. 1557 of Black
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CARDIAC TUMORS INTRODUCTION Cardiac tumours occur quite rarely‚ with metastatic neoplasms three times more prevalent than primary tumours. A large variety of benign and malignant tumours of the heart have been described. These tumors are found mainly in the heart‚ but can occur in the pericardium or the great arteries. Secondary cardiac involvement from malignant tumors of adjacent organs (lung‚ thymus) or from kidney (Wilms tumor) or liver‚ or even remote organs‚ are also seen. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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Cardiac Cycle The cardiac cycle describes the coordinated and rhythmic series of muscular contractions associated with the normal heart beat. The cardiac cycle can be subdivided into two major phases‚ the systolic phase and the diastolic phase. Systole occurs when the ventricles of the heart contract. Accordingly‚ systole results in the highest pressures within the systemic and pulmonary circulatory systems. Diastole is the period between ventricular contractions when the right and left ventricles
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Most of the cardiac injury ultimately results in development of cardiac fibrosis due to negligible regenerative capacity of heart. Cardiac fibrosis is associated with increased deposition of matrix proteins in the myocardium. The expansion of the cardiac interstitial space in absence of significant cardiomyocyte loss is “reactive interstitial fibrosis” and the formation of scar in response to myocardial infarction is called “reparative fibrosis” [10‚ 46]. Increased deposition of endomysial and perimysial
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Cardiac catheterization is often referred to as coronary angiography or a coronary angiogram. It is a radiographic procedure that is used to look at and visualize the heart and the coronary arteries. During a cardiac catheterization it is possible for the cardiologist performing the procedure to see how effectively blood is flowing through the coronary arteries. In addition‚ this procedure allows the cardiologists to see how blood is moving through the chambers of the heart and how effective the
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Cardiac Output most used tool to measure heart function The volume of blood ejected by the heart per minute. CO= Heart Rate x Stroke Volume EX: 70bt/min X 70ml/bt = 4900ml/min ~ 5L/min Regulation of Heart Beat HR is regulated through the balance of parasympathetic and sympathetic influence on the SA node. 1 action potential = 1 electrical impulse Parasympathetic: Slows HR Sympathetic: Speeds HR Parasympathetic Regulation of HR At rest‚ parasympathetic nerves will release Acetylcholine
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Risk Predictors CC and PCI Predictors of Vascular Complications Post Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization and Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Cheryl J. P. Dumont‚ PhD(c)‚ RN‚ CCRN; Arlene W. Keeling‚ PhD‚ RN; Cheryl Bourguignon‚ PhD‚ RN; Ian J. Sarembock‚ MB‚ ChB‚ MD; Melanie Turner‚ RN‚ BSN Care of patients after cardiac catheterization and/or percutaneous coronary intervention is largely the responsibility of nurses. The identification of risk factors for vascular complications from these procedures
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