Cognitive Dissonance is a psychological discomfort caused by inconsistency among a person’s belief‚ attitudes‚ and or actions. There are three hypotheses that explain the theory. The first hypothesis is selective exposure which is the tendency to avoid information inconsistent with one’s belief and attitudes. One only accepts information that is consistent with their own thoughts. Hypothesis two is post-decision dissonance; which are close call decisions and can affect a decision one makes. And
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Cognitive Learning Theory Angela Baker PSY 331 Mr. Domingo Mamaril June 21‚ 2010 Cognitive Learning Theory Cognitive theorists try to explain human behavior by understanding how we process and store new information. The cognitive theories of learning originated from the gestalt theory. The three major contributors to the cognitive learning theories were Jean Piaget‚ Edward Tolman‚ and Albert Bandura. In this paper‚ I will evaluate the work of all three theorists‚ demonstrate an understanding
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Taxonomies of the Cognitive Domain Bloom’s Taxonomy 1956 Anderson and Krathwohl’s Taxonomy 2001 1. Knowledge: Remembering or retrieving previously learned material. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are: know identify relate list define recall memorize repeat record name recognize acquire 1. Remembering: Recognizing or recalling knowledge from memory. Remembering is when memory is used to produce definitions‚ facts‚ or lists‚ or recite or retrieve material. 2. Comprehension: The
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hours? This is due to the fact that your attention has been directed or channelized towards one specific activity. In cognitive psychology‚ attention is defined as the means by which we actively process a limited amount of information through our senses. Even in a relatively simple video game‚ a player is taking in an enormous amount of information. This processing can create an emotional connection associated with the playing of the game by stimulating pleasure centers in the brain. Furthermore‚ people
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Cognitive Restructuring Cognitive restructuring is a stress management technique that entails evaluating stressors and thought patterns in order to replace negative‚ self-defeating thoughts with positive ones. The general theory is‚ that a proliferation of negativity including thoughts‚ experiences‚ and outside commentary throughout our lifetime‚ tend to reduce self-esteem and acceptance (Koopsen & Young‚ 2009). This pattern of negativity frequently repeats itself and is proven to have a deleterious
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One of the most observable signs of cognitive development in preschools is their continuous asking of questions. When an answer leads to more questions‚ this stage can often times be taxing on the child’s caregiver. However‚ this stage is a valuable time for learning and these questions should never be discouraged. Caregivers need to know that it’s alright not to know the answer to every question. When this is the case‚ they should direct the child towards a resource where they can discover the
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Behavioral and Social/Cognitive Approaches to Forming Habits David Hampton PSY/250 August 18‚ 2014 Laurel Taron Behavioral and Social/Cognitive Approaches to Forming Habits Habits are formed from a person or individuals environment and mostly from our parents consistently making and instilling in our being how to take care of our selves. In this paper the writer will address a habit that is consistent within his or her lifestyle. In addition the writer will analysis the habit‚ determine how that
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This reflective essay speaks about Educational Psychology‚ a good teacher‚ general principles of development‚ the brain and cognitive development‚ Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural perspective. Educational Psychology plays a very important role in our daily lives as it helps us to understand and develop strategies to improve the learning process. An effective teacher is one who is organized‚ not biased‚ patient‚ and flexible and knows how to teach medium
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During this period of learning I came to better understand my learning in relation to the social cognitive theory of learning. From this‚ I started to piece together how I learn best. I have realised ways that I can apply this new understanding to my future learning. While learning sign language I found that how I learn relates to the social cognitive learning theory. One aspect of this theory that matches up with my learning is the idea of learning by observation and modelling. I found that I learn
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Excuse making is part of your auto-pilot meta-programming. In fact‚ excuses are red flags‚ revealing what you TRULY believe‚ what your most closely held TRUTHS and beliefs are. The reason we make excuses is called cognitive dissonance in psychology. Cognitive dissonance is when our behavior and actions conflict with our attitudes and beliefs. According to Saul McLeod‚ in Simply Psychology‚ “It is the feeling of discomfort leading to an alteration in one of the attitudes‚ beliefs or behaviors to
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