only in relation to sales. Return on capital employed ratio measures the efficiency with which the investment made by shareholders and creditors is used in the business. Managers use this ratio for various financial decisions. It is a ratio of overall profitability and a higher ratio is‚ therefor‚ better. To see whether the business has improved its profitability or not‚ the ratio can be calculated for a number of years. Return on equity (ROE) is widely used to measure the overall profitability
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What is a theory? In this book we consider various theories of financial accounting. Perhaps‚ there¬fore‚ we should start by considering what we mean by a ’theory’. There are various perspectives of what constitutes a theory. The Oxford English Dictionary provides various definitions‚ including: A scheme or system of ideas or statements held as an explanation or account (description) of a group of facts or phenomena. Explanation or Account (description) of a group
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Abstract The observance of international accounting standards is playing an increasingly significant role in dynamic regulatory developments and presents several challenges‚ which may necessitate a variety of procedural and technical data processing changes. Regulatory consolidation under the influence of international accounting standards The observance of international accounting standards is playing an increasingly significant role in dynamic regulatory developments. On the one hand‚ publicly
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National economics university Business school | | | | |Group assignment | |EBAY MEDIA ( EBAY INC)
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“internal consistency” of accounting standards is Any entity intends to create its own standard must in accordance with the existing system of standard 2. In order to achieve “internal consistency”‚ the necessary factors are as follow: a) Any entity intends to create its own standard must in accordance with the existing system of standard b) Developing standards are correspondence with the same conceptual framework. It is necessary to establish an accounting law or principle to regulate these
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unit will give learners a foundation in financial principles and techniques relevant to the strategic management process. It encourages learners to explore the nature of cost-based financial data and information‚ the impact of the budgeting process on the organisation‚ and the development of cost reduction and management procedures and processes. It also focuses on the management of these costs through the use of forecasting‚ appraisal and financial reporting procedures. One of the main objectives
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A SYNOPSIS OF ACCOUNTING FOR BUSINESS COMBINATIONS‚ INTANGIBLES AND GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT INTRODUCTION During the 1980 ’s and 1990 ’s a great number of business mergers and acquisitions took place. The generally accepted accounting principles to record the initial transaction and to account for the acquired assets during their estimated useful lives this were well established. Over time however‚ users of financial statements began to question whether those principles and practices accurately
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Ethical principles Beauchamp and Childress (2013)‚ a decision or situation is ethically correct if it meet’s the four principles and are respected and balanced it is a tool for ethical analysis of the situation. Autonomy: This principle is that people make their own decisions relating to care for this to happen if the individual has capacity to make decisions‚ individuals need to be informed the about options‚ including the pros and cons. Non-maleficence: This relates to the requirement not to harm
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← Abstract Faced with various issues of international accounting in cultural‚ economic‚ ethical and social level‚ after comparing US with China about the GAAP‚ analyzing the differences and difficulties in global accounting standard‚ it’s necessary to separate different accounting standards because of the diversification in different countries‚ it shows that accountancy professions play an important role in capital market‚ which can provide useful‚ relevant and reliable information to interested
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Accounting for Managers TOPIC A: AN INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING Investors – Individual and groups provide initial capital. Creditors – Company which loans money to another company (Suppliers/Bank). Managers – Oversee the day-to-day operations. What is accounting? * Process of Recognising‚ measuring‚ recording (also known as transactions)‚ disclosing and attesting to information. *Information – Decision Making (Value Creation)‚ Control (Monitoring). Process of Accounting: Transactions
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