HOW THE ECONOMY WORKS: AGGREGATE DEMAND ECO 2021_August 2014 CURIOUS QUESTIONS (for today) What is What is between and the “aggregate demand”? the relationship aggregate demand economy? Macroeconomics studies the performance of the economy. national global totals aggregates aggregate demand total demand in a country WAYS TO MEASURE THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ECONOMY output method expenditure method income method The Expenditure Method
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Aggregate Demand AGGREGATE DEMAND (AD‚ for short) = C + I + G + (X-M) • The aggregate demand curve is not focused on a single good or service. The AD curve is focused on overall demand for all final goods & services produced across the entire economy. • Determinants of Aggregate Demand: Although the shape of the AD curve is similar to the shape of a single market demand curve‚ its shape is based on entirely different principles from what we studied in Chapter 3. To elaborate‚
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ASSIGNMENT NUMBER 1 Question Number 1: Write the definitions of aggregate demand and aggregate supply. Answer: AGGREGATE DEMAND: Aggregate demand is the sum of all demand for final goods and services at a given time and price level. AGGREGATE SUPPLY: Aggregate supply is the sum of all final goods and services that will be supplied at a given time and price level. Question Number 2: Why does short run aggregate supply curve slope upward? Answer: Because profits rise when the prices of the
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Assignment Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply 11. For each of following events‚ explain the short-run and the long-run effects on the output and the price level‚ assuming policymakers take no action. (a) The stock market declines sharply‚ reducing consumers’ wealth. AS1 AS2 AD1 AD2 Y2 Y1 P1 P2 P3 LRAS A B C P AD-AS diagram Output 0 Since the stock market declines sharply‚ the people’ wealth are being affected. In short run‚ it leads to a fall in aggregate demand which
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Why the aggregate demand curve slopes downward: To answer this question‚ we recall that the components of economy’s GDP: Y = C + I + G + NX We assume that government spending is fixed. The other three components: consumption‚ investment‚ and net exports depend on economic conditions and on the price level. 1. The price level and consumption: The wealth effect: Ex: The nominal value of a dollar is fixed‚ yet‚ the real value of a dollar is not fixed. Coca Pizza 1 $ 1 0.5$ 2 → A decrease
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mark. 1. Use the AS/AD framework to show the separate effects on GDP‚ inflation and public sector borrowing on any single national economy of: a. a cut in the rate of corporation (profits) tax b. an increase in the rate of VAT (sales tax) c. a slowdown in the GDP growth of world trade. Make sure that you include clear and appropriate diagrams for this question 2. Choose an economy. Analyse the main effects of a large cut in its government spending Question 1 counts for
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Introduction Aggregate demand is normally understood in the context of the total value of goods and services demanded by a given group of consumers at a given time period and at a given price (Brux 2007‚ p. 375). In other words‚ aggregate demand essentially refers to the value of goods and services consumers are willing to purchase at various price levels. In certain economic literature‚ the aggregate demand is often referred to as the ‘effective demand’ but it bears close similarity to the gross
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Macroeconomics‚ (Hubbard/O’Brien) Chapter 24 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Analysis 1) The static aggregate demand and aggregate supply curve model helps explain A) short term fluctuations in real GDP and the price level. B) long term growth. C) price fluctuations in an individual market. D) output fluctuations in an individual market. 2) The aggregate demand curve shows the relationship between the ________ and ________. A) inflation rate;
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Aggregate Supply and Demand Francis F Perkins ECO/372 April 10‚ 2013 Ed Mendicino Aggregate Supply and Demand Aggregate demand is the total demand for goods and services in the economy at any given time and price level. It is the quantity of goods and services in the economy are now and in the future purchased at possible price levels. This is the demand for gross domestic products (GDP) of a nation when supply levels are fixed. The aggregate demand is a downward slope on a model because
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Chapter 27 Expenditure Multipliers Fixed Prices and Expenditure Plans • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Several factors influence consumption expenditure and saving. The most direct influence is disposable income‚ which is real GDP or aggregate income minus net taxes (taxes minus transfer payments). Planned consumption expenditure plus planned saving equals disposable income. The greater the disposable income‚ the greater is consumption expenditure and the greater is saving
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