Enduring Vision chapter 28 notes
Chapter 28: The Liberal Era, 1960-1968
A New Beginning:
Nixon-Kennedy televised debates made voters choose Kennedy: chose Lyndon Johnson as VP, got Catholic votes
JFK won and promised a “new frontier” to get America moving again--won in ’61
Kennedy’s Domestic Record:
JFK’s major policies included:
Boost defense budget—nuclear weapons, military, and “Green Berets” to do guerrilla warfare
“Race to the Moon”
Cut in corporate taxes
Anti-pesticide warnings and Clean Air Act—regulating automotive/industrial pollution
Cold War Activism:
Did both a major military buildup and assistance for third-world countries: Peace Corps
Laos crisis: US-supported army vs. Pathet Lao rebels; JFK restored neutral gov, let commies rule countryside
CIA planned for exiles (“La Brigada”) to invade Bay of Pigs, start an uprising, and overthrow Castro. It failed. EPIC
JFK met Khrushchev to resolve German peace treaty. USSR threatened war, so US increased military. Led to Berlin wall
To the Brink of Nuclear War:
US aerial photos showed USSR built missiles in Cuba, which could strike America. JFK started naval blockade
USSR sent two messages: They’ll move missiles if America won’t invade; afterwards insisted that American missiles need to move from Turkey as part of the deal. We ended up agreeing and both sides moved their missiles
The Thousand-Day Presidency:
JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas in November 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald, who was later killed
Lyndon Johnson was sworn in, and JFK became a martyr. Arms building, Vietnam were two issues left unresolved
Nonviolence and Violence:
Congress of Racial Equality set up freedom rides through South to celebrate ban of segregation in interstate transport
Freedom riders were members of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
The African-American Revolution:
MLK, Jr. started nonviolent protests in Birmingham, AL—very segregated. Wrote “Letter from Birmingham Jail”
Bull Connor was police chief—used
A New Beginning:
Nixon-Kennedy televised debates made voters choose Kennedy: chose Lyndon Johnson as VP, got Catholic votes
JFK won and promised a “new frontier” to get America moving again--won in ’61
Kennedy’s Domestic Record:
JFK’s major policies included:
Boost defense budget—nuclear weapons, military, and “Green Berets” to do guerrilla warfare
“Race to the Moon”
Cut in corporate taxes
Anti-pesticide warnings and Clean Air Act—regulating automotive/industrial pollution
Cold War Activism:
Did both a major military buildup and assistance for third-world countries: Peace Corps
Laos crisis: US-supported army vs. Pathet Lao rebels; JFK restored neutral gov, let commies rule countryside
CIA planned for exiles (“La Brigada”) to invade Bay of Pigs, start an uprising, and overthrow Castro. It failed. EPIC
JFK met Khrushchev to resolve German peace treaty. USSR threatened war, so US increased military. Led to Berlin wall
To the Brink of Nuclear War:
US aerial photos showed USSR built missiles in Cuba, which could strike America. JFK started naval blockade
USSR sent two messages: They’ll move missiles if America won’t invade; afterwards insisted that American missiles need to move from Turkey as part of the deal. We ended up agreeing and both sides moved their missiles
The Thousand-Day Presidency:
JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas in November 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald, who was later killed
Lyndon Johnson was sworn in, and JFK became a martyr. Arms building, Vietnam were two issues left unresolved
Nonviolence and Violence:
Congress of Racial Equality set up freedom rides through South to celebrate ban of segregation in interstate transport
Freedom riders were members of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
The African-American Revolution:
MLK, Jr. started nonviolent protests in Birmingham, AL—very segregated. Wrote “Letter from Birmingham Jail”
Bull Connor was police chief—used