Computer Organization
Computer Organization with Assembly Language
Digital Computer:
A digital computer is a fast electronic calculating machine that accepts digitized input information, processes it according to a list of internally stored instructions, and produces the resulting output information.
Types of Computers:
1. Personal Computers
2. Workstations
3. Mainframes
4. Supercomputers
Basic Operation of a Computer
1. The computer accepts information in the form of programs and data through an input unit and stores it in memory.
2. Information stored in the memory is fetched, under program control, into an arithmetic and logic unit, where it is processed.
3. Processed information leaves the computer through an output unit.
4. All activities inside the machine are directed by the control unit.
Computer Organization and Architecture: Computer Organization It refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications.
Example:
Hardware details transparent to the programmer
Control signal
Interfacing device to computer
Peripherals
Memory used
Computer Architecture It refers to those attributes of a system visible to programmer or that have direct impact on the logical execution of a program.
Example:
Instruction set
Number of bit that represent various data types
Input and output mechanism
Addressing memory
Architectural design
16 BIT SAP -1 (speed, cost, physical and capacity)
Block diagram: Microcomputers Organization Architecture
Structure and Function:
Hierarchical System Is a set of inter related subsystems and each level consists of a set of components concern with structure and function with a top down approach:
Structure – The way in which the components are inter related Functions – The operation of each individual component as part of the structure
Function The basic functions that a computer can perform in terms of data processing,
Digital Computer:
A digital computer is a fast electronic calculating machine that accepts digitized input information, processes it according to a list of internally stored instructions, and produces the resulting output information.
Types of Computers:
1. Personal Computers
2. Workstations
3. Mainframes
4. Supercomputers
Basic Operation of a Computer
1. The computer accepts information in the form of programs and data through an input unit and stores it in memory.
2. Information stored in the memory is fetched, under program control, into an arithmetic and logic unit, where it is processed.
3. Processed information leaves the computer through an output unit.
4. All activities inside the machine are directed by the control unit.
Computer Organization and Architecture: Computer Organization It refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications.
Example:
Hardware details transparent to the programmer
Control signal
Interfacing device to computer
Peripherals
Memory used
Computer Architecture It refers to those attributes of a system visible to programmer or that have direct impact on the logical execution of a program.
Example:
Instruction set
Number of bit that represent various data types
Input and output mechanism
Addressing memory
Architectural design
16 BIT SAP -1 (speed, cost, physical and capacity)
Block diagram: Microcomputers Organization Architecture
Structure and Function:
Hierarchical System Is a set of inter related subsystems and each level consists of a set of components concern with structure and function with a top down approach:
Structure – The way in which the components are inter related Functions – The operation of each individual component as part of the structure
Function The basic functions that a computer can perform in terms of data processing,