Preview

World's Fast-growing Large Economies: China and India

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
5230 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
World's Fast-growing Large Economies: China and India
NTRODUCTION

China and India are now seen as the world's fast-growing large economies [News Week, August 22-29, 2005]. Both countries have radically different economic models but both have outperformed many countries and they have become the main engines that drive Asia's and world growth. In particular, their trade and investment growths have a tremendous effect on the world economy. The liberalizationlib·er·al·ize
v. lib·er·al·ized, lib·er·al·iz·ing, lib·er·al·iz·es

v.tr.
To make liberal or more liberal: "Our standards of private conduct have been greatly liberalized . . .
..... Click the link for more information. process started in China in late 1978 while India opened up its economy in 1991 and both countries reduced trade barriers. It is apparent that China and India to some extent compete with each other in terms of trade Terms of trade

The weighted average of a nation's export prices relative to its import prices. flows and attracting foreign direct investments (FDIs) to their countries, but they have their own comparative advantage in terms of skills and endowments [Batra and Khan (2005)].

Recently, under the pressure of other countries especially the U.S., China changed its exchange rate by 2.1 percent in July 2005 and has been resisting making big changes in its exchange rates system. This policy change not only indicates that China will no longer peg the dollar at the historically fixed rate with the U.S. dollar but would adjust gradually its currency to a basket of other currencies.

In this study, we analyze the potential impacts of Chinese currencyCurrency has been used in China since the New Stone Age, in which Chinese also invented paper money in the 9th century.

Today Renminbi (Chinese: 人民幣), literally People's currency, abbreviated to RMB, is the currency in mainland of the People's
..... Click the link for more information. appreciations on India's economy. Our analysis is important because the total trade balance between

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Foreign Exchange Market

    • 790 Words
    • 4 Pages

    China has pegged its currency against the U.S. dollar. If demand for dollars decreases (THERE IS PRESSURE FOR THE U.S. DOLLAR TO DEPRECIATE. IN THIS SETTING, CHINA HAS TO PURCHASE DOLLARS TO MAINTAIN ITS PEG)…

    • 790 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    China, the largest growing market in the world, currently has a policy regarding monetary regulation that allows the Yuan to “float”. This has seen the Yuan appreciate by approximately 24% over the past few years. Today, the exchange rate between the Chinese Yuan and the American Dollar is approximately 6.3 Yuan to 1 Dollar. Some argue that China should revalue the Yuan again the dollar, establishing a more fixed exchange rate. Others believe that current should allow the Yuan to float, as it constitutes the idea of a free market.…

    • 684 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Rise of China and India

    • 2243 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Since the early stages of the 1940 America has risen to power and stayed in power. To date America is considered the only true world super power. In the past the Roman Empire, Greek and Egyptian were all very dominating but even then there were challenging dynasty so they can’t be called a ‘super power’. In today’s society the world has two more economies forcing their way to the top, these two economies are China’s and India’s. The question being answered in this essay is: ‘does the rise of developing countries like China and India pose a serious challenge to US power?’ I believe yes, mainly because for so long the world has revolved around the American economy and with the rise of these two countries America will gradually start to lose its power. This essay will also address both China’s and India’s relatively quick rise to power over the last 25 years.…

    • 2243 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Chinese government introduced its first exchange rate policy in 1949. From 1949 to 1955, the policy was based on a managed currency floating system. With the establishment of a centrally planned economy, the Chinese government implemented a pegged policy in 1955. After the collapse of Bretton Wood¡¯s system in the early 1970s, China changed its monetary policy to basket currency. The weak economic environment in the country in 1985 resulted in the re-introduction of the managed currency floating system. Between 1985 and 1995, the changes in the Chinese domestic finance and economy led to a rather drastic depreciation of RMB. The Chinese government reverted back to pegging its currency to the US dollar. The peg rate was approximately $8.28 RMB to $1 US in 1995. It was not until 2005 that the Chinese and US currencies were ¡°un-pegged¡±, that is, RMB will be able to reflect based on its fair value.…

    • 757 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    China's Exchange Rate

    • 2286 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Chinese for ten years now have maintained a fixed exchange rate for their currency, the yuan, relative to the dollar. The rate has been pegged at about 8.28 yuan/dollar for the entire period. What has resulted from this is that when the dollar has appreciated or depreciated in value relative…

    • 2286 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Nowadays more than one billion population in all use US dollar and Euro which was born in January 1st, 1999 and officially circulated in January 1st, 2002 and 1.5 billion population use Chinese Renminbi in the world. That is to say, there are almost three billion people that are a half of the whole population of the world using US dollar, Euro and Chinese Renminbi. World economy has experienced a process of American subprime mortgage crisis, American financial crisis, global financial crisis and global substantial economy crisis in just a few years. US dollar got a heavy toll because of the global financial tsunami caused by the bankrupt of Lehman Brothers in September 15th, 2008. Federal Reserve Board (FRB) had responded that they injected liquidity to the financial system to increase the confidence to the market. At present the financial tsunami starts to influence the second largest money, Euro and the result of Euro still cannot be predicted. After more than thirty years’ reform and opening, the GDP of China has increased by the fastest speed in the world. Whether Chinese Renminbi can be influenced by the global financial tsunami is concerned. This essay will first compare the reactions taken by the monetary authorities in US dollar, Euro and Chinese Renminbi systems to response the global financial crisis. Then it will analyze the role of central bank and the use of monetary policy and fiscal policy in managing a single currency and discuss the actions taken to support the banking system and manage sovereign debt problems. Finally, it will refer to the conditions required for successful operation of a single currency covering many states.…

    • 3639 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Impact of Yuan Appreciation

    • 5194 Words
    • 21 Pages

    Wall Street Journal, September 12. China Economic Review, Vol. 15, No.3, page 343-7. Guerineau, Samuel, and Sylviane Guiliamont Jeanneney 2005. “Deflation in China”, China Economic Review, Vol. 16, page 336-363.. Lardy, Nicholas, R. 1992. Foreign Trade and Economic Reform in China, 1978-1990. Cambridge University Press. Lu, Ding, 2004. “China’s capability to control its exchange rates”, China Economic Review, Vol. 15, page 343-347.. NBF Economic Research, 2003. Weekly Economic Letter, February 21, 2003 Roberts, Ivan and Rod Tyers (2001), “China’s Exchange Rate Policy: The Case For Greater Flexibility”, Working Papers in Economics and Economietrics No. 389, Australian National University, January 2001. Joseph Stiglitz, July 2005, “Stiglitz on China and Why U.S. Economic Advice is Discounted”. Economists view, http://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2005/07/stiglitz_on_chi.html Sun, Huayu and Yue Ma, 2005. “Policy strategies to deal with revaluation pressures on the RMB”, China Economic Review, Vol. 16, page 103-17.. Tung Chen-yuan and Sam Baker, 2004. “RMB revaluation will serve China’s self-interest”. China Economic Review, Vol. 15, No.3, page 331-5. Zhang Fan and Zuohong Pan, 2004. “Determination of China’s long-run nominal exchange rate and official intervention”, China Economic Review, Vol. 15, No.3, page 360-5.…

    • 5194 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Yuan and Walmart

    • 329 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Economists believe that the Chinese’s government is controlling and keeping their currency relatively low to get more economic advantages. This is one of the reason of why Chinese products are cheaper that the American products. For that reason leaders of this and more countries are debating to make china to stop controlling their currency. Which, it is not the only problem, because wall-mart, being one of the most powerful businesses around the world gets its products from China. If the Yuan value change to a real value will be a big problem for Wal-Mart and for the thousands of employees which are around the world. At the beginning it would produce a big economic problem but as the other companies began to grow, the economy could get better. I believe that is just marketing, because is know that Chinese products are cheap but does not last long. It is a new TV series called “Made in America” that is showing us that is possible to buy good and cheap things made in America; we just need to look for them. I believe that this would help a lot the economy of the country.…

    • 329 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The emergence of China as the mass manufacturing pioneer in the world has lead to the concern that China will soon be competing with the industries in the developed nations. India, at the same time, is emerging as the centre of IT enabled services including software development, and poses significant threat to the developed countries in high-skill goods and services. Today, the main competitive threat that China and India pose to the developed nations is their cheap labour. They are able to produce basically anything at a much lower price compare to those in the western developed nations. Therefore, they signify threats to these countries. However, on the future prospects, China and India would acquire competitive threat that is different from what they were before. For instance, the education rate in China and India are both increasing, and they produce about half a million of scientists and engineers a year comparing to mere 60,000 in the US. Therefore, these skilled labours will take over the current low skilled labours in these two countries and further exploit the opportunities that they have, and compete better in the high skill sectors. In addition, many companies from the developed nations have shifted their R&D centre to the China and India, therefore, China and India are able to learn and gain experience through these foreign R&D centre and excel in innovations in the future. This makes the developed nations to lose their competitive advantage, and signifies competitive threat from China and…

    • 270 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    There are a lot of common factors between India and China, similarly there is a large number of factors which are completely diverse in nature between these 2 countries. The basic intention of this comparative study is to first understand how differently the 2 countries have progressed and what are the factors that contributed for their growth and which of these can be used by the other to further vault the growth rate of each of these 2 great countries. Before comparing let us understand the position of these 2 countries and where they are currently placed in terms of the GDP, distribution of GDP among the 3 main…

    • 7647 Words
    • 31 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Pegging in CHina

    • 1188 Words
    • 5 Pages

    As we have understood the meaning of the word Pegging now we should focus on the first main issue, China pegged its currency with USA for nearly 15 years, the year of growth for the china because as it pegged its currency with USA, the value of RMB remains the same but the value of US dollar increase there by making the US dollar expensive in the market as compare to the RMB (the Chinese currency) because the Chinese banks has already pegged their currency that means they never allowed their currency to move according to the market, rather fixed the value, especially when the US dollar shift according to the market forces, its product becomes expensive in the market but the product of Chinese economy remains cheaper as compare to US and European currency there by giving an advantage to the Chinese economy, the advantage which they took for 15 years during which they becomes the contender for world’s no. 1 economy. We can analyze the impact from the GDP growth rate of china during this period which is around 9% and the exports to the US was around 202 billion in 2005. But it was in 2005 that Chinese bank decided to de peg its currency even though pressure was mounted from 2002. The exports from China to USA is more as…

    • 1188 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Appreciation of Rmb

    • 2706 Words
    • 11 Pages

    As the comprehensive strength of the national economy grows, the Chinese currency, the RMB began to appreciate. Since the implementation of China’s exchange rate reform in July of 2005, RMB has appreciated from 1 US dollar to 8.11 yuan to 6.82 yuan by December of 2008, with an accumulated appreciation of 15.8%. Though full of controversy, the appreciation of the RMB has become common expectations. Effects of the RMB 's appreciation have been felt both domestically and abroad, and will become even more significant with time.…

    • 2706 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Economic historians and analysts have been faced with a conundrum for quite some time. They found it hard to comprehend that South Asia, which was a single large market until a few decades ago with goods, services, capital investment and skilled labor flowing freely and the newly independent countries inheriting a common historical, legal, cultural and administrative background and a very well linked infrastructure was the least integrated region in the world while East Asia with countries having such diverse background and very little in common historically had become the most integrated region second after the European Union. Moreover, there was almost a consensus among academic economists in both the countries that the normalization of trade relations would bring substantial economic benefits evenly. Among many reasons responsible for this puzzle the political tension and rivalry between the two major countries of the region-- India and Pakistan—stands out as the main explanatory variable.…

    • 4578 Words
    • 19 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Further, Kaushik Basu discussed about the capita income of China and India. China grows rapidly after year 1978 and 1991 of India since the India Market Liberalization. She believes that “At the same time, in terms of annual growth rate of per capita GDP over that last two decades, the fastest-growing nation in the world is China, followed by Vietnam and India.” (Page 45, paragraph 3) The growth rates of these two countries were increasing rapidly through last 10 years. It brings dramatically changes to China and India’s economy.…

    • 686 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Review of Asian Fta

    • 4265 Words
    • 18 Pages

    review is an attempt to examine the existing literature regarding India- SEAN Trade relations. There is growing body of literature on the concerned issue. For this, under, four broad themes literature has been analyzed. At first, Trade Relations between India-ASEAN in historical perspective has been examined.…

    • 4265 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Best Essays