Preview

William carlos william

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
814 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
William carlos william
Mariam Kurasbediani

Given that the Homo erectus, the long-lived early human ancestors to ever walk our planet nearly 1.9 to 200,000 years ago—were able to hunt, gather, and use simple tools thus, being able to survive in different environments—a rudimentary form of language (protolanguage) helped them to communicate and cooperate in their family groups. This paper agrees with Bickerton’s analysis by drawing factual evidence from BBC’s Documentary "Prehistoric Autopsy-Episode Two: Homo erectus” that is hosted by physical Anthropologist Professor Roberts Alice and the Biologist Dr. McGavin George. In the documentary, the duo explores the evolution of the human species and all that is known about our hominid cousins and early ancestors, focusing on the behavior of the Neanderthal, Homo erectus, and Autralopithecus afarencis (History Essentials, 2013).
In his analysis, Bickerton argues that wherever life evolves, it will inevitably create creatures that think and communicate, either more or less, than humans do today; in other words, evolution leads back to humans . According to him, our earlier ancestors had a latent capacity for language as suggested by the ratio of their brain size to body size that have been plotted over the years, alongside their accompanying social toolkits. He takes his argument even a notch higher, by proposing that Homo erectus used a sort of protolanguage, which allows the combination of at most two elements in a structure, unlike true language as we know it today. The prehistoric analysis points out that the Homo erectus were spread all over Africa and advanced to other places in the entire old world, hunting, gathering, building fires, and could also maneuver a set of tools; this clearly indicates that they had a full developed proto-language (History Essentials, 2013). Since various hominid species arose but got distinct along the way during human evolution, except for the Homo erectus, the long-lived and very

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Best Essays

    Although there is no direct evidence and a species language or their language capabilities do not fossilize, coupled with more modern techniques being used today and archeological evidence, it is possible now to study this topic with more success than in previous years. There is a record that supports the suggestion of Homo neandertal speech capabilities. Previous to the recovery of an intact middle paleolithic hyoid bone, the reconstructed vocal tract and the FOXP2 gene, the lack of evidence on the speech capabilities of Homo neandertals led most scholars to regard the topic as unsuitable for serious study (2012) .…

    • 2384 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Neanderthals have long thought to be lesser than modern humans in many ways, such as intelligence, wit, appearance, and ways of life; however, this is not entirely the case. The first Neanderthal discovered was in the Neander Valley of Germany, where part of a skull and limb bones were present (“Neanderthals | Evolution | Earth Facts,” n.d.). Although this is not the oldest Neanderthal skeleton ever found, it was the first and it led to the discovery and understanding of a whole new species. This species was known to us as Homo sapien neanderthalensis, or for those who believe the differences to be so vast that it should be its own distinct species, Homo neanderthalensis (O’Neil, 2010). Homo (sapien) neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens lived side by side for thousands of years (O’Neil, 2010), but it is speculated that it was because of the advanced nature of Homo sapiens which allowed them to strive and eventually outlive the Neanderthals. Although the Neanderthals eventually became extinct and Homo sapiens strived, there are many similarities in both appearance and behaviour that suggest that perhaps the few differences that exist between the two were the difference that allowed for one species to prevail while the other faded out.…

    • 1461 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    “Experts feel certain that hunter-gatherers were speaking with each other in some kind of language” (Brown, 2012). This development of language occurred due to the fact that the hunter-gatherers had to develop some sort of speech in order the effectively communicate. In these small sites which they lived, everyone had to do their fair share in order to accommodate the needs of their growing groups. This did not just mean in regards to the actual acts of hunting and gathering. This has to do with their lifestyle and all aspects of it.…

    • 993 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Contribution TMA06

    • 1151 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Ethology studies and case studies have been performed on our primates to compare human language with animal communication and to teach apes human language. The results suggested that animal communication, although similar to some degrees to human language, yet is qualitatively different. In investigating the evolution of language, this paper will evaluate whether or not human language can account for human distinctiveness from other animals. In doing so, this paper will evaluate the evolutionary process of human language based on two different accounts: one presented by Pinker (2000), who argued that language promoted a distinctive adaptive advantage, and the other suggested by Sperber (2000), who argued that language arose as a by product of cognitive abilities.…

    • 1151 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Multi-Regionalists tend to argue in favor of the Neanderthal’s capability to use language. A major genetic piece of evidence that they call upon to support their assertion is the existence of the FoxP2, “language”, gene which is prevalent in Neanderthals. Although this gene does contribute greatly to the human comprehension of language it is not significant enough to hold up speech capabilities on its own. “...FoxP2 is not unique to humans. Quite the opposite, versions of this gene are found in remarkably similar forms in a great many vertebrate species (including primates, rodents, birds, reptiles, and…

    • 260 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Ant 101 Quiz

    • 396 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Language is as important in the cultural transmission of traits among chimpanzees and gorillas as it is among humans.…

    • 396 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    A. Human’s ability to use language to communicate with one another sets them apart from other species. a. While human species were able to communicate with one another long before the evolution of homo sapiens, the establishment of the first writing systems is the foundation for the modern-communication age. B. The current-technological age in western culture has brought on a style of communication that is instantaneous, easily accessible, and commonplace.…

    • 1228 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Schwartz Notes

    • 4904 Words
    • 20 Pages

    The history of the earth itself stretches back around five billion years. However, the human chapter of this long story is a relatively short one; the first humanlike apes appeared roughly four million years ago. Relatively recently, the first modern human beings made their appearance about forty thousand years ago. This chapter examines that early period up through the increasing sophistication of the Paleolithic and…

    • 4904 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    After 300,000 y.a. tools become more complex and are labeled in Europe as the Middle Paleolithic or in Africa, as the Middle Stone Age (Ambrose 2001). Regional variation is great enough that cultural traditions become evident. Tools composed of two or more materials that require complicated preparation become common and suggest increasingly complex brains. The tool tradition associated with the Neanderthals in western Europe is called the Mousterian (Klein 1999). All are eventually replaced by the blade industries of the Upper Paleolithic which are associated with modern humans. Encephalization, Language and Speech; brain sizes expressed as estimated cranial capacities are commonly reported for various species of hominin. Australopithecus afarensis and A. africanus have the smallest averages to date at 410 and 440 cubic centimeters (cc.), respectively (Collard & Wood 1999). Chimpanzee cranial capacity also averages 410 cc. But chimpanzees weigh about 24% more than the australopiths, thus complicating this simple comparison. The cranial volume of the robust hominins such as P. robustus and P. boisei were in the 500’s and H. habilis, H. rudolfensis and H. ergaster averaged 610, 750, 850 cc.,…

    • 3142 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Midterm Study Guide

    • 2652 Words
    • 11 Pages

    * Perhaps the most distinctive feature of being human, as language, enabled by physiological adaptations, has transmitted culture across generations and enabled abstract thought for more than 40,000 years…

    • 2652 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    William Mckinley

    • 932 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Born on January 29, 1843, William McKinley would later in life grow up to be a very important factor and figure in America’s History. He was born in Niles, Ohio and grew up in Poland, Ohio where him and his family made their life. He was the seventh of eight kids living life like most young boys. He was raised by his father and mother, who instilled in him strong work ethics, respect, honesty, and courtesy and taught him to value prayer. One thing that McKinley valued highly was his education. He attended a school run by Methodist in Poland and upon graduating he went to Alleghany College in Meadville, PA. were he only attended for one term due to financial problems and illness. At the age of 18 when the Civil War started, William joined the Army and enlisted with the Twenty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry. William was constantly proving himself in this battle. He began to quickly make his way up the ranks. He commissioned to Second Lieutenant and served under Colonel Rutherford B. Hayes and his staff. Throughout his military career, Hayes became William’s mentor. After serving four years William left the Army as a brevet major.…

    • 932 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    'The universality of language is what unites all human being across the globe .The different perspectives of thought is what differentiates our languages. ' (Rendall,1998:58). As stated by Rendall, language is common to all human being and is a typical characteristic of the human race. but the way we acquire,develop and evolve this special feature is still not clearly understood and has been the object of researches from which different theories about language acquisition has emerged. Following Dolati (2012:752) statement that 'Behaviourism, Innatism and Interactionism…

    • 6976 Words
    • 24 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Prince William

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages

    would be known as either King William 5th of the House of the Windsor or…

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Human Origin

    • 598 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The fossil record shows that early Homo sapiens—who had a body plan more or less like our own—and Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis)—a separate species characterized by a large, low-sloping cranial vault and a short, robust skeleton—inhabited the same land at about the same time, between approximately 30,000 and 40,000 years ago. Both species developed hunting tools and used fire. But paleoanthropologists theorize that Homo sapien understanding of geography might have given them a decisive competitive advantage. Artifacts suggest that nearly all known early Homo sapien settlements were situated on hilltops and high ridges. Their ability to survey large areas of land from such vantage points would very likely have helped their hunting strategy. Neanderthals, on the other hand, lived in valleys that did not permit a clear view to the horizon.…

    • 598 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Technology helped the homo-sapiens advance, but not the Neanderthals, because the Neanderthals did not use it. ”Homo habilis is usually considered…

    • 733 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics