Urban Regeneration Schemes
With reference to examples, evaluate the success or otherwise of urban regeneration schemes in combating the causes and consequences of urban decline? (40 Marks)
Urban decline is when an urban area begins to lose business therefore businesses close causing people to lose their jobs, so the population starts to look elsewhere and ultimately moves away. It causes the local economy to shrink as well as the population, buildings and public places becoming run down, therefore lowering the appeal of the area and the cycle continues. Urban regeneration schemes are put in place to improve these areas by breaking the cycle to increase appeal and encourage economic growth once again.
Liverpool, in the 19th century, was a prosperous city, which was reflected by the amazing buildings found in the city centre such as St. George’s Hall and Lime Street Station. The city’s industrial and population growth began to decline early in the 20th century and continued until it was in serious decline by 1981. A main cause of this decline was the decrease in shipping to America due to the outdated docks not being able to cope with the modern general and container ships. Trade also started to increase within Europe, which meant Liverpool’s port was not as well located as ones on the eastern side of the UK, which lead to unemployment as the decline in use meant less staff were required. These factors led to an impact on the cityscape as areas became derelict and run down causing a lack of appeal in the city. The main evidence of the decline were the abandoned, derelict docks that were mostly unusable, the back-to-back terrace houses which were in poor condition and badly built tower blocks that were built as replacements for the areas damaged by the war. This led to continuation in the decline of the population, which resulted in lower demand for housing meaning many areas were desolate and abandoned. This led to the need for regeneration.
The first regeneration approach was the
Urban decline is when an urban area begins to lose business therefore businesses close causing people to lose their jobs, so the population starts to look elsewhere and ultimately moves away. It causes the local economy to shrink as well as the population, buildings and public places becoming run down, therefore lowering the appeal of the area and the cycle continues. Urban regeneration schemes are put in place to improve these areas by breaking the cycle to increase appeal and encourage economic growth once again.
Liverpool, in the 19th century, was a prosperous city, which was reflected by the amazing buildings found in the city centre such as St. George’s Hall and Lime Street Station. The city’s industrial and population growth began to decline early in the 20th century and continued until it was in serious decline by 1981. A main cause of this decline was the decrease in shipping to America due to the outdated docks not being able to cope with the modern general and container ships. Trade also started to increase within Europe, which meant Liverpool’s port was not as well located as ones on the eastern side of the UK, which lead to unemployment as the decline in use meant less staff were required. These factors led to an impact on the cityscape as areas became derelict and run down causing a lack of appeal in the city. The main evidence of the decline were the abandoned, derelict docks that were mostly unusable, the back-to-back terrace houses which were in poor condition and badly built tower blocks that were built as replacements for the areas damaged by the war. This led to continuation in the decline of the population, which resulted in lower demand for housing meaning many areas were desolate and abandoned. This led to the need for regeneration.
The first regeneration approach was the