Tissue Trauma And Post-Operative Pain

Pain is a subjective experience and unpleasant sensation that associated with tissue impairment (Ogino et al., 2007). Post-operative pain is a commonly actual post-operative complication of most general surgeries (Abdalrahim et al., 2011). Therefore, Evelyn is likely to have pain due to the surgical tissue trauma and the replacement of the knee joint. Post-operative pain is a major concern during the recovery of patients because pain is a distressing symptom, poorly controlled pain may contribute to other potential complications and suboptimal functional improvements (Dalury, Lieberman & Macdonald, 2012; Ibrahim et al., 2013). For example, pain may reduce patient’s ability of early mobilisation and further increase the risk of DVT or knee stiffness