The Variola Virus

The Variola virus otherwise known as the Small pox is an enveloped protected DNA containing virus that causes severe illness. Small pox has a history dating back to prehistory times. It is believed to have appeared around 10,000 BC in northeast Africa. Evidence was suggested by medical examination of mummies ; their skin appeared have contain skin lesions resembling those ones that have had small pox. The infection of the variola virus seemed uncontainable during the prehistory times and even during known history dating back to the 18th century. The clearest record for the study of the virus dates back to the well -known Microbiologist Edward Jenner. Because the disease was almost 100% fatal there were scientist searching for ways to perhaps
The immunology, however, is quite similar. The Centers for Diseases Control and the World Health Organization has and continues to do research on developing, studying long term immunity, and herd immunity.

First, it is necessary to understand the structure and normal characteristics of the variola virus. The Variola virus is a double-stranded DNA virus, it contains two envelopes; the outer envelope is present only in the extracellular state. The core of the virus contains lipids and proteins and has complex symmetry. The core of the structure contains double stranded DNA and to date, ten enzymes are known to mediate its gene expression and tons of nucleoproteins. The most widely used virus for smallpox inoculation has been vaccinia, which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus along with variola virus. Other species of Orthopoxvirus include cowpox (the virus used by Jenner and mentioned above), monkeypox, and camelpox, among others. Its origin is uncertain, and there are many strains of vaccinia with different biological properties. Vaccinia induces both cellular and
To date, there are six vaccines used to vaccinate the public. Each vaccine elicits its own response. The development of Dyvax was created using a similar virus to that of the small pox. It was created from the cowpox virus. The vaccine is administered with a lancet on the arm. After a few days there will be a pustule which suggest that there was an immunity reaction. The Dryvax vaccine red flags the humoral and the adoptive immunity by producing effector B cells and plasma cells. In an experiment conducted by Dr.Shane Crotty of the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology and colleagues, Crotty cleverley performed