The Simple Pendulum
Z. K. L3 A
THE SIMPLE PENDULUM
• General Background: A mass m hanging from a string whose length is L and a pivot point on which this mass is fixed are what a simple pendulum (which was discovered during the 10th century by Ibn Yusuf) consists of. During the 17th century, it is developed by some physicist, especially by Galileo.
When the mass hanging from the string is released with an initial angle, it starts to move with a periodic motion. The motion can be approximated as a simple harmonic motion if the pendulum swings through a small angle (so sin (ө) can be approximated as ө). The frequency and period for the simple pendulum are the independent of the initial angle of the movement (initial position of the mass to the vertical reference line). In addition to the initial angle of the mass, the period doesn’t depend on the mass of the object. However, it is affected by the length of the string which the mass is hanged on and the acceleration of gravity.
The most widespread applications of the simple pendulum are for timekeeping,
gravimetry (the existence of the variable g in the period equation of simple pendulum -
- means that the pendulum frequency is different at different places on
Earth), seismology, scholar tuning, and coupled pendula. It is also used for entertainment and religious practice.
• Aim: To determine the effects or contribution of the length of the string on the period for the simple pendulum and find out a mathematical relationship between the length and the period.
• Hypothesis: Since the length of the string which the mass is hanged on is shortened, the magnitude of the period for the simple pendulum gets increased. Different masses of the object hanging from the string have no effect on the period.
• Apparatus / Materials:
• A string used as a rigid rod • A mass (pendulum) • Table clamp • A rod on which the mass is fixed •
THE SIMPLE PENDULUM
• General Background: A mass m hanging from a string whose length is L and a pivot point on which this mass is fixed are what a simple pendulum (which was discovered during the 10th century by Ibn Yusuf) consists of. During the 17th century, it is developed by some physicist, especially by Galileo.
When the mass hanging from the string is released with an initial angle, it starts to move with a periodic motion. The motion can be approximated as a simple harmonic motion if the pendulum swings through a small angle (so sin (ө) can be approximated as ө). The frequency and period for the simple pendulum are the independent of the initial angle of the movement (initial position of the mass to the vertical reference line). In addition to the initial angle of the mass, the period doesn’t depend on the mass of the object. However, it is affected by the length of the string which the mass is hanged on and the acceleration of gravity.
The most widespread applications of the simple pendulum are for timekeeping,
gravimetry (the existence of the variable g in the period equation of simple pendulum -
- means that the pendulum frequency is different at different places on
Earth), seismology, scholar tuning, and coupled pendula. It is also used for entertainment and religious practice.
• Aim: To determine the effects or contribution of the length of the string on the period for the simple pendulum and find out a mathematical relationship between the length and the period.
• Hypothesis: Since the length of the string which the mass is hanged on is shortened, the magnitude of the period for the simple pendulum gets increased. Different masses of the object hanging from the string have no effect on the period.
• Apparatus / Materials:
• A string used as a rigid rod • A mass (pendulum) • Table clamp • A rod on which the mass is fixed •