Preview

The Psychological Contract

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
5191 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
The Psychological Contract
Organisational Behaviour: Theory and Practice. | | | Question; It can be argued that the state of the relationship between the actors within an organisation influences its ability to achieve its goals. The employment relationship is arguably one of the more significant relationships that occur in an organisation particularly the psycho-social component. Critically evaluate the so called theory of the the psychological contract, does it provide a valid, reliable and predictable explanation that may contribute to an understanding of the organisational success and failure? | | Date | 4/24/2013 | |

University of Hertfordshire,
Business school.
Department of Human Resource Management.

According to Cullinane and Dundon (2006) there has been a lot of interest in the concept of the psychological contract by researchers. This interest has grown progressively over the last 10 years. Although this concept first originated outside HRM, it has become a device for analysing and explaining HRM. Furthermore, the concept of the psychological contract has been helpful in understanding organisational behaviour and employment relationship that exist between the employer and employees in an organisation (Cullinane and Dundon, 2006).

In spite of the wide interest and wealth of literature concerning the psychological contract, there still is no one accepted definition (Anderson and Schalk, 1998). The definitions are in various perspectives as to what the psychological contract is meant to do and what it is, also the importance of implicit responsibilities of the employer and employee and other emphasise on the importance of understanding what the employee expectations are from the organisation. (Rousseau and Tijoriwala, 1998; Atkinson et al, 2003).

This research will be looking at



References: Agee, J. (2000) Understanding psychological contract breach: An examination of its direct, indirect, and moderated effects. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, State University of New York at Albany. Cassar, V. (2001) Violating psychological contract amongst Maltese public service employees: Occurrence and relationships. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16, 194- 208 Chen, M. & Fang, M. (2003) The impact of psychological contract breach on employees work behaviour: An example in high-tech industry. Fu Jen Management Review. Coyle-Shapiro, J. & Conway, N. (2005) Exchange relationships: Examining psychological contracts and perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 774-781. Deery, S., Iverson, R., Walsh, J. (2006) Toward a better understanding of psychological contract breach: A study of customer service employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 166-175. Donkin, R., Wilkinson, H., Tulgan, B. (2002) The future of careers. Executive Briefing. London: CIPD. Gakovic, A. & Tetrick, L. (2003b). Psychological contract breach as a source of strain for employees. Journal of Business & Psychology, 18, 235-246. Guest, D. (1998) "Is the psychological contract worth taking seriously?" Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 19: 649–664. Guest, D. (2004) The psychology of the employment relationship: an analysis based on the psychological contract. Applies psychology, 53, 541-555. Guest, D. & Conway, N. (2002) communicating the psychological contract: Human Resource Management Journal, 12, 22-38. Guest, D. & Conway, N. (2004) Employee well-being and the psychological contract: A report for the CIPD. Guest, D., Conway, N., Briner, R., Dickman, M Hui, C., Lee, C., Rousseau, D., (2004) Psychological contract and organizational citizenship behaviour in China: Investigating generalizability and instrumentality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 311-321. Johnson, J. & O 'Leary-Kelly, A., (2003) The effects of psychological contract breach and organizational cynicism: Not all social exchange violations are created equal. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 24, 627-647. Lester, S. & Kickul, J. (2001) 'Psychological Contracts in the 21st Century: What Employees Value Most and How Well Organisations are Responding to These Expectations ', Human Resource Planning, Vol 24, No 1, pp 10-21. May, D., Gilson, A,. Harter, L.(2004) 'The Psychological Conditions of Meaningfulness, Safety and Availability and the Engagement of Human Spirit at Work ', Journal of Occupation and Organisational Psychology, Vol 77, pp 11-37. Roehling, M. (1997) ' 'The origins and early development of the psychological contract construct ' ' journal of management history (archive) Vol. 3 Iss:2, pp.204- 217 Pate, J., Martin, G., McGoldrock, J Robinson, D., Perryman, S., Hayday, S., (2004) 'The Drivers of Employee Engagement ', Institute for Employment Studies, Brighton. Rousseau, D. (1995) Psychological contracts in Organisation: Understanding the Written and Unwritten Agreements. London Sage. Saks, A Schein, E. (1965) Organisational Psychology, Prentice-Hall, Englewood cliff, NJ. Spindler, G. (1994) Psychological contracts in the workplace: a lawyer’s view, Human Resource Management, New York  Stalker, K Turnley, W., Bolino, M., Lester, S., Bloodgood, J. (2003) 'The Impact of Psychological Contract Fulfilment on the Performance of In-Role and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour ', Journal of Management, Vol 29, pp 187-206. Vos, A., Buyens, D., Schalk, R. (2003) 'Psychological Contract Development during Organisational Socialisation: Adaptation to Reality and the Role of Reciprocity ', Journal of Organisational Behaviour, Vol 24, No 5, pp 537-559. Wright, P., Gardner,T., Moynihan, L., Allen, M. (2005) 'The Relationship between HR Practices and Firm Performance: Examining Causal Order ', Personnel Psychology, Vol 58, No 2, pp 409-38.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Fred Maiorino Case

    • 8426 Words
    • 34 Pages

    Robinson, S., & Rousseau, D. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(3), 245-259. Retrieved September 15, 2008, from Business Source Complete database.…

    • 8426 Words
    • 34 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    There are several ways an employee might perceive his or her psychological contract has been breached or broken. One such way is the failure of an organization to live up to their promises. This might be wages, advancement, or treatment in the workplace, among other things. An employee might also perceive his or her contract has been broken when observing a breach of fellow employee’s contract in instances…

    • 1129 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    [ 1 ]. Psychological contract is an individual’s perception about the terms and conditions of a reciprocal exchange with another party…

    • 1318 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Psycological Contract

    • 2182 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Businessballs(2010)back up the fact that ‘the psychological contract refers to the relationship between an employer and its employees’ and, in employment terms, it is about finding the balance between how the employee is treated by its employer, and what the employee puts into the job. CIPD (2004) surveys show that ‘90% of HR managers think the psychological contract is a useful concept for helping to manage the employment relationship’ this is brought by the, increasing, realisation that employee motivation, satisfaction and commitment can…

    • 2182 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Gospel and Palmer (1993: 3) define the employment relationship as ‘an economic, social and political relationship in which employees provide manual and mental labour in exchange for rewards allotted by employers’. To this we need to add the ‘psychological contract element, which in my words describe the engagement an employee gives the employer as a gift.…

    • 3227 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    3MER Assignment

    • 2641 Words
    • 10 Pages

    3 2.5 Explain the good practice that underpins organisational policies and can contribute to the psychological contract.…

    • 2641 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Uncivility In Workplace

    • 500 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Past researches have established that if a person faces any kind of injustice or uncivil behavior at workplace, it affects his/her overall mental health (Laschinger, Wong, Regan, Young-Ritchie & Bushell, 2013; Rai, 2015). Pearson et al., (2000) conduct an exhaustive poll and point out that a vast majority of employees have witnessed more than one act of incivility (verbal or non-verbal abuse) at their workplace. In 2011, a research conducted by Porath & Pearson reported that a shocking 98% of respondents have experience uncivil behavior at their workplace. Further the research revealed that from the above victims, 78% admitted that their commitment towards the organization declined due to such experiences (Porath & Pearson, 2013). Another…

    • 500 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Using your placement, you are required to critically analyse the nature of the psychological contract within the workplace and use 2-3 other themes and topics from the module to demonstrate the links between different concepts and issues.…

    • 2775 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    management of change

    • 1363 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Perceived breach of psychological contract: here the management should allow their employees to a self-actualization psychological contract during the change period as this will assure them that the expected change won’t breach psychological contract with the employer (Cameron, 2012).…

    • 1363 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    The New Employer Militancy

    • 2444 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Peetz, D. (2006) Brave New Workplace: How individual contracts are changing our jobs, Chapter 5, Sydney: Allen and Unwin.…

    • 2444 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    What Is Idiosyncratic?

    • 159 Words
    • 1 Page

    M., & Kim, T. (2004).Idiosyncratic deals: How negotiating their own employment conditions affects workers’ relationships with an employer. Unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.…

    • 159 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Leaf Van Boven is an Assistant Professor of Psychology at the University of Colorado, Boulder, Campus Box 345, Boulder, Colo. 80309. Email: vanboven@Colorado.edu. Thomas Gilovich is a Professor of Psychology at Cornell University, Department of Psychology, Ithaca, N.Y. 15850. Email: tdg1@cornell.edu. Victoria Husted Medvec is the Adeline Barry Davee Associate Professor of Management and Organizations at Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management, 2001 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Ill. 60201. Email:vhm@kellogg.northwestern.edu.…

    • 5951 Words
    • 24 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Cascio, W.F. 1998, Applied psychology and human resource management, 5th edn, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.…

    • 1348 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Contract breaches have wide ranging consequences both legal and practical to the parties to the contract. This article will address the various effects that contract breaches will have on businesses. Some of them are set out below:-…

    • 439 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the light of contractual relationship among employees as well as employees with their organization, we have observed several types of contracts such as psychological contract (peter with himself which after the hypnotism has been changed significantly during the story), the implicit contract between Lumbergh as the boss and concerned department in INITECH……

    • 1157 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays