The Pre-Socratics

What Philosophical problem was the primary concern of the Pre-Socratics?

The pre-Socratics were primarily focused on exploring the main cause of the creation of the world and the basic substance of everything around us. They questioned the one and the many. Instead of acknowledging many of the more traditional mythological explanations of the time for the natural phenomena they saw in the world such as solar eclipses, they searched for rational and logical explanations. Their primary concern was the search of the most basic substance that everything around them was made of. Thales was the first of these philosophers to try to answer this fundamental problem. He saw that water could be turned into air when it is heated and into ice when
Apeiron was a substance that lacked qualities but was unlimited. It differentiated primary opposites such as the cold and fire, and the wet and dry. It is basically a higher, living force that guides the natural process, allowing it to create everything around us. His student, Anaximinies also believed that the substance was infinite however; he thought it was also something definite. He reasoned that since humans and animals needed air to survive, air turned into our flesh and blood and therefore it could also become the earth, wind and everything around us. Heraclities, unlike the other philosophers, focused on the force that regulated life and nature which he called the Logos or rule. He recognized the constantly changing nature of everything around us, such as the continuous, changing flow of water in a river. Over time a certain amount of time, anything begins to change in some shape or form. Of course we know today that these philosophers had the wrong solutions. We know currently that quarks and subatomic particles are what everything around us is made up of, but their questions impacted other philosophers and gave birth to science and philosophy. As science progresses, we may even come across a more basic
Many people ask themselves who they are, what happens when they die and what it means to be a person. It is constantly debated throughout history and is the reason why some people follow religions as a means to the answer. It is very difficult to truly grasp as it is broad and narrow/personal at the same time. Another problem is that Identity is sometimes subjected to change. Most people would say that they were not the same now as they were 10 years ago. The most popular way of making sense of personal Identity so far is that there are separate immaterial souls or pure egos. On this view, persons have bodies only contingently, not necessarily; so they can live after bodily death. They choose to suspend some of their reasoning in order for an