DNA or Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid by definition is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all modern living organisms. Its function is a medium of long-term storage and transmission of genetic information. Some unique features would be the helix geometry of DNA is of B-form. DNA is protected in the nucleus, as it is tightly packed. DNA can be damaged by exposure to ultra-violet rays. The predominant structure in DNA is double stranded molecules with a long chain of nucleotides. Sugars included deoxyribose sugar; phosphate backbone; Four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. The pairing in DNA double helix is A-T(Adenine-Thymine), G-C(Guanine-Cytosine). Stability in DNA is conducted by Deoxyribose sugar in DNA is less reactive because of C-H bonds. It is stable in alkaline conditions. DNA has smaller grooves, which makes it harder for enzymes to "attack" DNA. DNA is self replicating.
RNA or Ribo Nucleic Acid by definition is a single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil bonded to the ribose. RNA molecules are involved in protein synthesis and sometimes in the transmission of genetic information. Is function is Transfer the genetic code needed for the creation of proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome. Some unique features include the helix geometry of RNA is of A-Form. RNA strands are continually made, broken down and reused. RNA is more resistant to damage by Ultra-violet rays. RNA is a single-stranded molecule in most of its biological roles and has a shorter chain of nucleotides. Sugars included ribose sugar; phosphate backbone. Four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. The pairing consist of A-U(Adenine-Uracil), G-C(Guanine-Cytosine). Stability in RNA is conducted of ribose sugar is more reactive because of C-OH (hydroxyl) bonds. Not stable in alkaline conditions. RNA has larger grooves, which makes it easier to be attacked by enzymes. RNA is synthesized from DNA when needed.
References: Wikipedia: SCIENCE, BIOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY DNA VS RNA
References: Wikipedia: SCIENCE, BIOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY DNA VS RNA
You May Also Find These Documents Helpful
-
RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C.…
- 4298 Words
- 18 Pages
Good Essays -
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) is a polynucleotide molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses. Most DNA molecules are double stranded helices, consisting of two polynucleotide strands made up of simpler molecules known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of an organic nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups. It is order of these bases which make up the genetic code; a set of rules, by which information is encoded within genetic material.…
- 1411 Words
- 6 Pages
Good Essays -
DNA and RNA Replication Deborah J Brooks Biochemistry (GRT1) Task 1 Western Governors University Objectives DNA Replication at Biochemical Level Role of Ligase Role of mRNA Role of RNA Polymerase Inhibition related to the death cap mushroom Introduction Nucleic acids are required for the storage and expression of genetic information. There are two chemically distinct types of nucleic acids. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The repository of genetic information.…
- 801 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
TRANSLATION: Translation is the process of which RNA helps in the making of Protein, Translation is located in the Cytoplasm, and DNA is not involved in Translation, the ending result of Translation is the production Amino Acids, in Translation, tRNA and Ribosomes work together to make Proteins, Translation is when mRNA connects with tRNA but the Amino Acids information code is the 3 nucleotides bases in the mRNA code, the nucleotides that are in tRNA are Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine, those 4 nucleotides never change, The mRNA and the tRNA connect together to make a new double helix strand.…
- 268 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
DNA is translated into messenger RNA through transcription and translation. DNA is split through transcription and then it is translated to match into RNA.…
- 518 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
The Role of RNA RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a nucleic acid like DNA. It consists of a long…
- 3580 Words
- 28 Pages
Good Essays -
DNA is deoxyribose while RNA is sugar ribose and RNA has the base Uracil instead of Thymine…
- 1097 Words
- 8 Pages
Good Essays -
DNA is a structure of specific molecules and a complex mixture of chemicals. DNA is a nucleic acid, which is a group of complex compounds that can be found in all living cells or viruses, and controls cell health and function. Nucleic acids are composed of polymers and monomers, which are referred to as nucleotides. There are four different types of nucleotides that make up the structure of DNA, which are abbreviated A, C, T, and G. Covalent bonds join together nucleotides through sugar and phosphate. Polynucleotides, or a polymer nucleotide, which tends to be longer than a monomer nucleotide, contains many variations of arrangements of A, C, T, and G.…
- 459 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
DNA: a double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule, consisting of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T).…
- 2450 Words
- 7 Pages
Good Essays -
DNA is one of the nucleic acids information-containing molecules in the cell (ribonucleic acid, or RNA, is the other nuclei c acid). DNA if found in the nucleus of every human cell. The information is DNA: guides the cells (along with RNA) in making new proteins that determine all of our biological traits. DNA gets passed (copies) from one generation to the next. DNA in a cell is really just a pattern made up of four different parts called nucleotides. Image a set of blocks that has only four shapes, or an alphabet that has only four letters. DNA is a long string of these blocks or letters.…
- 257 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
A DNA molecule which is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid is made up of precise lengthy chains of polymers and monomers and they are called nucleotides. These two (2) chains specifically which are composed of DNA strain are then molded by the grouping of the nucleotides into the polynucleotides. The nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate and a group. In DNA there are four (4) nucleotides that can be found along the DNA chain. These four (4) nucleotides are (T) thyme, (A) adenine, (C) cytosine, and (G) guanine. These four (4) nucleotides are fused together by their covalent bonds. In other words the sugar and the phosphates which composes the sugar/phosphate support of the polynucleotide.…
- 388 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
DNA is a double-stranded molecule of polynucleotide chains twined/twisted together into a double helix structure. This molecule is the one that forms the genetic material responsible for transfer hereditary genetic information from one cell to another during cell division. RNA is a single-stranded molecule that contains polynucleotide chain used for the transfer of genetic information especially in bacteria cells (Freifelder, 2002).…
- 793 Words
- 3 Pages
Better Essays -
DNA is a nucleic acid, which consist of long chains (polymers) of chemical units (monomers) called nucleotide. A molecule of DNA contains two polynucleotides, each a chain of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. Each DNA strand serves as a mold, or template, to guide reproduction of the other strand. There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA, differing only in the nitrogenous base. DNA is contained in blood, semen, skin cells, tissue, organs, muscle, brain cells, bone, teeth, hair, saliva, mucus, perspiration, fingernails, urine, feces, etc. The four nucleotides are given one letter abbreviations as shorthand for the four bases: A is for adenine, G is for guanine, C is for cytosine, and T is for thymine.…
- 506 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
34) The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its ______ structure.…
- 730 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA and ribonucleic acid, RNA are known to be responsible for the transmission of hereditary information as well as the production of protein by cells. DNA makes up genes and posses instructions for making proteins and RNA. In eukaryotic cells, a chromosome consists of a continuous molecule of DNA and several types of associated proteins. Genes are DNA sequences that code for the synthesis of a polypeptide. Today, it is known that within the double helix lies…
- 1000 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays