a legal principle by which judges are obliged to respect the precedents established by prior decisions…
In 1959, Clifton Davis was denied the privilege to accompany his white friends to Glen Echo Amusement Park based on his epidermis hue. Black and white are like yin and yang, they are the antitheses of each other: but amalgamated they are coequal. Glen Echo should change their policies and allow Clifton and colored people to enter the park. This act was wrong and went against important rationals.…
In “The Ethics of Living Jim Crow: An Autobiographical Sketch” is about the life lessons learned by a young black boy growing up in the segregated South in the 1910s and 1920s. Richard Wright, author’s life growing up in the segregated south. Right recalls many of the ways he was taught that black folk had a certain place in this world, and if one drifted from that place either by choice or accident, there would be a heavy price to pay. Time and time again Wright demonstrates how no matter what he did or what he said, he was always black and he better not ever forget it. These lessons were hard for Wright to learn because he always felt that he had to right to defend himself, educated himself, and be respected.…
Who was Thaddeus Stevens? Mr. Stevens was an important member of the House of Representatives while Abraham Lincoln held office. Stevens was also one of the key leaders of the Radical Republican Movement of the 1860’s (“Thaddeus Stevens”). Thaddeus was against the South and the thought of inequality, mainly towards slaves and poor whites (Engdahl). He believed the suffrage of blacks was wrong and the South should be punished for causing devastation during the Civil War. In 1867, Thaddeus Stevens presented the “Speech in Favor of Black Suffrage” to the House of Representatives in Washington, D.C. He tried to to convince the house to punish the South by making them “pay” for the damages incurred from the civil war (Stevens).…
The reader can deduct that he is only targeting an open minded audience because if a person were to have a closed mind, then their stand on the situation would not waiver. He wanted to persuade these audiences to question and move away from collective entitlements, and to change the way the programs are run in order to get back to actual integration rather than the reverse discrimination that has caused a separation. Steele’s implementation of rhetoric helped persuade his audience with the different choices he used like the use of historical and statistical data on how integration has changed, with anecdotes to get his audience to know why he cares about this “New Sovereignty”, and through the use of moral reasoning to convey to his audience the negative effects of collective entitlements. Steele effectively persuaded his audience specifically to question and challenge the way the programs are run so they can start moving towards true integration, and did this well with the choices of rhetoric he…
On the other hand, African American allies encouraged black legislators for their own political gain. Thaddeus Stevens was a highly influential radical Republican member of the House and acted compassionately towards blacks. He demanded black suffrage, arguing that if rebel whites have the right to vote, so should loyal blacks. However, not all of his activism was out of sheer kindness, Stevens and other African American defenders had ulterior motives. Stevens claimed that granting blacks the right to vote meant that white Union men would no longer be a minority in the South, and wouldn’t be targets for the violent minority. Although this argument makes it seem like black franchise would help protect whites, Stevens’ goals is actually to give more people access to vote for his side. This is solidified in his next argument, where Stevens admits that black franchise would “insure the ascendancy of the Union Party” (22D1). He didn’t want the white rebels to have too much political power in the South, which is what would’ve happened if blacks weren’t allowed to vote. While African American defenders may have truly believed that blacks should take part in choosing their rulers, they undeniably wanted to use black votes to extend their…
To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel that can give a clear lesson to further the movement for racial equality. Scout is a little girl in the south. She is the main character and protagonist of the novel. She lives with her brother Jem and her father, Atticus. She is very intelligent, thanks to her father and she is a tomboy.…
Bryan Stevenson argues that the people of color are in despair and hopelessness. He states that 60% of all young men of color are in jail, prison or on probation or parole. This country has been very different than it was 40 years ago, there are more that 2 million people in jail today. The system is not only distorting around race but poverty. We have a system of justice that treats you better if you're rich and guilty than if you're poor and innocent. Many people are sent on death penalty for crime they have not committed or are innocent. He also points out that men of color are more likely to be trialed as guilty for crimes they have not committed.…
Critical legal studies is both a criticism and continuation of American realism. Dicuss propostion critically:…
I ask how America is becoming more unequal, if she wasn’t equal to begin with. The great Karl Max said “America has always been unequal to and that it’s based off of the philosophy of “Capitalism”, which is an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange for wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporation, especially as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth .So is America becoming more unequal the answer is yes? My next question is this a good or bad thing. I say it’s a bad thing because inequality is not fair at all. But then you have the people that say no to the issue because we have a black president, but I think that the dumbest answer I’ve ever heard. The fact that we have a black president doesn’t mean anything. It still doesn’t compensate for the lack of healthcare to the lower class or why they are raising taxes, or why racialism is still in effect, or politics. The world will and has always been divided based upon race. And that’s why I think this issue is important to me and my classmates.…
At a time when the Black community is being afforded a free status, but not one of equality, many leaders arise out of the woodwork to appeal to the white governing body for social equality. The transition from the ninetieth century to the twentieth century gives birth to two of these leaders, Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. These two men are both working to achieve a common goal, but the roads on which they're each traveling to get there differ significantly. Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois offer different strategies for dealing with the problems of poverty and discrimination facing Black Americans. Booker T. Washington's gradualism stance gives him wide spread appeal among both blacks and whites, although W.E.B. Du Bois has the upper hand when it comes to ideology dealing with economic prosperity and education amidst Blacks. Product of slavery, Reconstruction, and Black codes (Roark, et al p.616), Washington favors the humble - ask nicely; appreciate what you're given; and say "thank you" - approach to obtaining social equality. Washington addresses the issue with meticulous caution, in doing so he not only comes across as an advocate of Blacks gaining "all privileges of the law"(D), but also of Blacks being prepared "for the exercises of these privileges." By taking this approach Washington is gaining the appeal within the Black audience as well as the white community. In contrast to this seemingly effective stance, Du Bois stands on the platform of ask, but ask incessantly with a loud and firm voice. Du Bois even goes as far as to say that if the Black community wants social equality they must simply complain. "Ceaseless agitation"(F) he feels will do more in the fight for equality than "voluntarily throwing away"(E) the reasonable rights they are entitled to. The opposing approaches of Washington and Du Bois are far from unnoticeable, and receive recognition from both sides. Whether or not these two dynamic leaders are intentionally attacking…
Over the last two centuries, our society has grappled with the perpetual strife of perceived racial discrimination. Inalienable Rights and founding principles of our nation have been tarnished by the belief that these are mere privileges, reserved for a select few fortunate enough to indulge in such luxuries. However, the last few decades have ushered into existence a transformed nation, where Supreme Court cases and social revolutions have seemingly eroded the dichotomous barriers of race. On one end of the spectrum, open wounds of our nation’s tumultuous past have been stung by the racial inequities of household income and a maliciously disproportionate incarceration system. On the other end of the spectrum, patriotism and unity swell to heights of exuberance at the sight of the increasingly diverse entertainment industry and…
First, while the idea of condemning discrimination against members of our species is important, it is by no means causally crucial. People forget sometimes that there are other races outside black and white when it comes to this subject. Once other races are involved you start getting different results, stats and causes. What about the difference in test scores for Japanese and Mexican American kids for example. In his essay Race, Culture and Equality,…
The struggle of African Americans to make the promise of “all men are created equal” a reality began long before the Civil Rights Movement of the 20th century. Early leaders like Frederick Douglass and John Mercer Langston not only worked to bring…
This essay will focus on the basic tenets of critical race theory (CRT), a theory that identifies analyses and challenges racism as it is experienced, responded to and accounted for in the U.S and the world over, in relation to the American Literature. The theory also seeks to explain the role of racism and race in the United States and challenges the other many forms of human subordinations such as class and gender. This essay will also attempt to answer the question about what critical race theorists believe. The CRT theory was brought forth by collection of scholars and activists who were interested in in transforming the relationship among race, racism and power.…