Supply and Demand and Demand Curve
1. Assume there is a well-defined geographic area of a city. The area is composed exclusively of apartments and is populated by low-income residents. The people who live in the area tend to stay in that area because (1) they cannot afford to live in other areas of the city, (2) they prefer to live with people of their own ethnic group, or (3) there is discrimination against them in other areas of the city. Rents paid are a very high percent of peoples’ incomes. (a) Would the demand for apartments in this area be relatively inelastic or relatively elastic? State why. (b) Would the supply of apartments in this area be relatively inelastic or relatively elastic? State why.
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(c) Draw the demand and supply curves as you have described them, showing the initial equilibrium price and quantity. Label carefully. (d) Now assume the government creates a rent supplement program. Under this program, the renter is required to pay 30% of income in rent. Any additional rent is paid by the government. For example, a low-income person with an income of $1,000 a month would be required to pay $300 in rent (30%). If the rent is $500, the other $200 would be paid by the government. Analyze the results of this program. Show the changes on the graph and explain what will result. Who gains and who loses from this program? (e) Instead, now assume that the government decides to provide a building subsidy to people who build apartments in this low-income area. A certain percent of their costs will be paid by the government. Analyze the results of this program. Show the results on the graph and explain what will result. 2. Assume that the demand curve for paper of a certain type is given by Qd = 200 − 5p, where Qd is the number of pounds demanded per year and p is the price per pound. The supply of function of this type of paper is given by Qs = 40 + 3p, where Qs is the number of pounds provided. (a) What is the equilibrium price? (b) What is the equilibrium quantity supplied and demanded?
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(c) Draw the demand and supply curves as you have described them, showing the initial equilibrium price and quantity. Label carefully. (d) Now assume the government creates a rent supplement program. Under this program, the renter is required to pay 30% of income in rent. Any additional rent is paid by the government. For example, a low-income person with an income of $1,000 a month would be required to pay $300 in rent (30%). If the rent is $500, the other $200 would be paid by the government. Analyze the results of this program. Show the changes on the graph and explain what will result. Who gains and who loses from this program? (e) Instead, now assume that the government decides to provide a building subsidy to people who build apartments in this low-income area. A certain percent of their costs will be paid by the government. Analyze the results of this program. Show the results on the graph and explain what will result. 2. Assume that the demand curve for paper of a certain type is given by Qd = 200 − 5p, where Qd is the number of pounds demanded per year and p is the price per pound. The supply of function of this type of paper is given by Qs = 40 + 3p, where Qs is the number of pounds provided. (a) What is the equilibrium price? (b) What is the equilibrium quantity supplied and demanded?