Summary: Vocab

Chapter 10 Vocab: * Biota: The sum total of all livings organism. The term usually is applied to the setting of natural ecosystems. * Biological wealth: The life-sustaining combination of commercial, scientific, and aesthetic values imparted to a region by its biota. * Biodiversity: The diversity of the living things found in the natural world. The concept usually refers to the different species, but also includes ecosystems and the genetic diversity within a given species. * Instrumental value: The value that living organisms has or species have in virtue of their benefits to people; the degree to which they benefit humans. * Intrinsic value: The value that living organisms or species have in their own rights, in other
For example pest control, natural enemies, genes for increasing resistance, loss of new cultivars. * Value as sources for medicines and pharmaceuticals; for example vincristine from the rosy periwinkle to treat childhood leukemia. * Recreational, Aesthetic and Scientific Value, for example sport fishing and hunting to hiking, camping, bird-watching, photography. * Intrinsic Value. For example, many hunters kill deer for its profitable values.

4. Game animals are preserved by using hunting quotas; hunting and trapping fees; monitoring of game populations with adjustments of quotas; excise tax on hunting, fishing, shooting, and boating equipment; and establishment of game preserves, parks, and other areas where hunting and fishing are prohibited. One of the problems that have emerged from the adaptations of game species to the humanized environment is that the number of animals killed on roadways now far exceeds the number killed by
The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) provides protection to endangered and threatened species. When a species is officially recognized as being either endangered or threatened, the law specifies substantial fines for killing, trapping, uprooting (in the case of plants), modifying significant habitat of, or engaging in commerce in the species or its parts. The legislation forbidding commerce includes wildlife threatened with extinction anywhere in the world. Critical habitats must be targeted for preservation and management to aid the recovery of the species. 7. Hgljjj; 8. Biodiversity is a result of speciation and extinction occurring over time, and the result of these two processes has been the gradual increase in the number of species. No one knows how much biodiversity exists. Estimates range widely and the upper limit estimates keep rising. The current estimates place biodiversity as high as 112 million species, but only 1.75 million species have been described. 9. At least 500 species native to the Unites State are known to have become extinct since the early days of colonization. Over 100 of these are vertebrates. At least 200,000 species of plants, animals, and microbes are estimated to live in the nation, but not much is known about them. At least 726 animals’ species and 20 plant species have become extinct since 1500