Rhabdomyosarcoma Research Paper

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare type of striated muscle tissue cancer. It is commonly seen in childhood cancer cases. Similar to other types of cancer, the risk of Rhabdomyosarcoma is affected by certain genetic conditions. For example, family history of cancer. However, having a risk factor or not does not determine whether the child will contract the disease or not. In simpler terms, it can happen to anyone.
Another way to describe rhabdomyosarcoma, or RMS, is that it is a malignant tumor in which cancer cells form in muscle tissue. Rhabdomyosarcoma comes from the Greek word Rhabdo, which means rod shape, and myo, which means muscle. Rhabdomyosarcoma usually forms as an expanding mass. It’s symptoms including but not limited to: lump and swelling
250 cases are that of children 15 years of age or younger. In fact, about 87% percent of cases are presented with patients being younger than 15 years of age. Despite this abundance of cases each year, there is still no known cause for rhabdomyosarcoma. However, due to some testing there are some patterns in which this cancer will appear. Slightly more patients are male, but the amount of cases being male over female is higher by 0.3-0.4. Additionally, there is no race factor that shows a single race with higher risk. Children between 0-14 years of age are at a higher risk. Infants have a median age of 7.4 months of diagnosis. Another factor that can increase risk of, but not particularly cause, the cancer is the weight of the baby at birth high or higher than previously
Anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma is not typically found in childhood cancer cases. Embryonal and alveolar are more commonly seen. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ,being the most common, is typically found in the regions by the head, neck, genital, and urinary organs. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is usually found around the legs, arms, genital organs, chest, and anal area. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is found in 55% of patients. Cases of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma where the patient is under the age of 9 years of age occurs at 70-80%. This type of cancer has a high background mutation rate. It also has a higher single-nucleotide variant rate. The amount of mutations increases with the age the the patient. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma occurs at a rate of 20% in patient cases. This type is characterized by its translocations between chromosomes and genes. The alveolar variant is aptly named because of the thin crisscrossing of fibrous bands that show in the spaces between the cellular regions of the tumor site. It is associated with at least one of two translocations of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Also a part of this type is the fusion of DNA-binding domain of neuromuscular developmental transcription