Reign Terror And The Jacobins: The French Revolution

The eighteen century became a period of the social and political revolutions in Europe. Revolution itself is more than just a series of riots in the towns and countries. It turns up to be more than street-fighting and even more than ganging of the government. A revolution is a rapid destruction of the institutions which looks so immovable than even the most persistent reformers hardly dare to attack them. It a birth of a completely new idea that concerns a lot of the links which soon starts to spread among the neighboring nations and become the reality (Korotkin, 2009, p. 8-9). This paper consists of several sections and each of it examines a particular topic concerning the French Revolution. In a complex, these sections create a full picture
It was a widespread force created by the working class. The main goal of the Jacobins was to destroy the monarchy and to set up the centralized government. In order to rich the goal, they used quite an aggressive methods. After the establishment the revolutionary dictatorship led by Maximilien Robespierre they started a period of Reign Terror (Farah, 2000, p. 339). Robespierre became the most prominent member of this phenomenon. In 1794, he eliminated all the enemies. Thus, from the left it was a radical political group the Hébertists and from the right, there were followers of George Danton. In general, close to 40 000 peoples were killed during the terror. Of those, 16 000 people including Marie Antoinette died under the blade of the guillotine. Also, peasants who opposed the sans-culottes were among victims as well. King Louis understood that everything was looking bad for the monarchy. Thus, he decided to sneak out of France. After his escape, he completely lost the peoples’ faith. In September 1791, France adopted a new constitution and established a new executive body the Legislative Assembly. It actually abolished the monarchy and the next day France was declared as a republic (Farah, 2000, p. 339 -
The English Civil War took place in the British islands between 1642 and 1660. Unlike the French Revolution the English Civil War had three oppositional sides. King Charles I with his son represented the first side, the Parliamentarians were the second and the last was a combination of Covenanters from Scotland and the Confederates from Ireland. That is why this war has a name the Wars of Three Kingdoms. The same as with the French Revolution the civil war in England started earlier than the official date. The scientists consider the beginning of the civil war in 1642. However, the conflict actually began earlier in Scotland. It turns up to be the rebellion by parliament against the actions of the king. The parliament tried to protect its power from the impingement of the king. Charles I tried to rule without any help. In general, the members of parliament just attempted to protect their own interests. In contrast, the French revolution was more as an uprising against the monarchy. In this resistance the middle class united with peasants against the upper class. Similarly, both of the conflicts desired to overthrow the power of the king. However, the French revolution had a more radical method. On the one hand, the English Civil War’s method led to the creation of a new model army and made Britain a republic for a few years. On the other hand, it caused the dictatorship of Oliver Cromwell.